"Your Majesty, the British government only let Your Majesty bring ten escorts, and you are not allowed to bring guns, I am afraid that Your Majesty's safety cannot be guaranteed."
Wang Zhankui is worried about the royal road to China.Princess Katrina Kaaf was also worried: "Your Majesty, my right eyelid has been beating badly in the past two days, and, according to the information sent by the British Bureau of Statistics, there are radicals in Britain and France who may carry out assassination plans against Your Majesty.Otherwise, Your Majesty does not have to go to celebrate the birthday in person, and the Queen of England has no intention of receiving Her Majesty anyway, so she will let the diplomats go on behalf of Her Majesty, and we will leave the United Kingdom as soon as possible. ”"It's already here, just go like this, so how does the international community see if Huaguo is now a problem with security work, there is no way, won't you find a way to enhance security measures They said that you can't bring guns, isn't there still a local statistical bureau that doesn't know how to arrange secret protection" President Meng said angrily, "If there is danger, you must go, this is politics, not to mention, I don't believe that the British dare to let me die in the UK." ”Princess Katrina Kafu wanted to say something, but she knew that Emperor Hua had already made a decision, and Emperor Hua had never changed what he decided, so she had to say to Wang Zhankui: "Think more about how to improve the protection measures, Your Majesty must go." ”Wang Zhankui could only bow his head and say, "Yes, madam." ”Although Emperor Hua and Princess Katrina Kafu have not officially married, the status of Princess Katrina Kafu has long been determined, only less than Jiegege, and she is not officially married, she is waiting for Zeng Siping to reach the age of 15, and when the time comes, Emperor Hua will marry Princess Katrina Kafu and Zeng Siping together.President Meng guessed correctly, of course, the British government would not be unclear about such a big matter, but it did not think of imposing a higher level of protection on the Chinese emperor.Although the Chinese emperor has been treated coldly in many countries, these countries will still provide a certain amount of protection in secret, whether it is protection or surveillance, it is impossible for an emperor or the emperor of a big country to ignore the visit, not to mention that the scale of the British and French radical organizations is relatively large, and it is even more impossible for the British government not to hear the news.The British royal family cannot be said to be an ornament, there is power, if the consequences are reckless, the queen can still dismiss any minister of her own government, appoint a new minister, and directly issue executive orders, has the power to mobilize the army, etc.As for the consequences of this situation, it is called a constitutional crisis.It's okay to do it if you insist on it, but the political situation will be chaotic.The queen has the power to adjudicate herself, so the prime minister, who was dismissed at the first time, contacted Buckingham Palace to ask for confirmation, and the queen made her position of non-interference clear.The power of the royal family belongs to the part that is used to being put aside, and the queen has a lot of great power, but without causing social unrest and political crisis, the queen's power is firmly limited.In terms of political influence, there is no doubt that the British royal family has its own set of means of "dealing with" the prime minister and its own government, and as for this kind of non-direct command influence, it will definitely not catch up with the Tsar or the German emperor, the Austro-Hungarian emperor, and even more so the Chinese emperor.China's constitutional monarchy is the most powerful monarchy in the world.From a legal point of view, the British royal family has power, and it is large.The Queen can decide the term of office of all the prime ministers and governments under her rule, and she can dissolve Parliament not only in the UK but also in Canada, but if she does, it will be fun.Secondly, the queen has the right to be knighted, the highest rank of the British Knight of the Garter, the knight of the thistle is personally appointed by the queen, and the government has no right to intervene in the inferior British Empire Medal is "proposed" by the government.Thirdly, the queen can confer the title of "royal", even in institutions and regions that are not related to the royal family.In addition, all the documents signed by the queen belong to the constitutional level, and there is no written constitution in the United Kingdom, and the "British Monarchy" belongs to the constitution.However, on most issues, the power of the British prime minister depends on the number of more than half of the party members and whether the party members are obedient.And then there's the personal prestige of the current prime minister.If the prime minister is very supportive, then the cabinet is basically nothing, and it is all his words.The current Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is Benjamin Disraeli, Jewish.He was also the first Earl of Beaconsfield, the leader of the British Conservative Party, the three-term Chancellor of the Exchequer, and twice served as the British Prime Minister in 1868 and 18741880.Disraeli played a major role in transforming the Tory Party into a Conservative Party.During his tenure as prime minister, Disraeli was an active advocate and defender of British colonial imperialism, and during his tenure as prime minister, he vigorously pursued a policy of foreign aggression and colonial expansion.His name is closely associated with the British colonial empire.In addition, Disraeli is also famous because he is a novelist, and his social and political reputation gives him a special place among the successive British prime ministers.Disraeli was born in London in 1804 to Jewish Italians, and his family moved to England in the 18th century.His father, Isaac Disraeli, was an accomplished writer who had traveled to the European continent, was a believer in the famous French Enlightenment thinkers Voltaire and Rousseau, and had a close relationship with the domestic Enlightenment romantic poets George Gordon Byron and Robert Sausse, and the historical novelist Walter Scott.Isaac was not a devout member of Judaism, but from 1817 he withdrew from Jewish congregations because of a quarrel with the Jew Marcos, allowing his children to convert to Anglicanism.Disraeli's education as a teenager was quite peculiar, which may have had an impact on the formation of his character and thoughts later on.Although Disraeli was baptized by Anglican at the age of 13, he was in fact raised by Judaism.Disraeli was educated in smaller private schools and was taught Hebrew, the Jewish language, and did not attend an Anglican church until the age of 12.At the age of 13, his father sent him to a school run by Dr.
Illicogan, a non-Anglican clergyman, where he learned limited classical knowledge.Such a somewhat unusual education fostered the unique character of Disraeli, a Jew who had converted to Christianity.Disraeli is accustomed to acting alone, with a sense of pride and a strong desire to lead, sometimes taking risks to achieve his goals."
Adventure is for adventurers", this was the mantra of his youth.He was so proud of his Jewish race that he said to a young Jew in his old age: "You and I belong to the same race, and this race can do everything without fail."
Disraeli dropped out of school at the age of 15 and returned home, homeschooling with dreams of becoming a great man like Homer, Gaius Julius Caesar, William Shakespeare or Napoleon.When Disraeli was 17 years old, his father sent him to work as a trainee at a law firm in the Jewish district of Friedlik.It was here that he began his literary activities and became involved in the literary world.In 1824, he went abroad with his father for the first time to Germany, where he made a short trip along the Rhine, which greatly broadened his horizons.Later, in a letter to a friend, he said: "When I went down this beautiful river, I made up my mind not to be a lawyer."
After returning from Germany, he left the law firm and decided to make a big career.In 1824 he was involved in a speculative venture for a mining company in the Americas, where he was responsible for writing a pamphlet about the mining company.A friend of his father, the publisher John Marley, admired his talent and asked him to set up a joint venture to set up a daily newspaper and name him a representative, and he readily agreed.Unexpectedly, half a year later, the company went bankrupt, and Disraeli took on a huge debt, which became a heavy burden on his back for the first half of his life.The newspaper also became empty talk, and there was a quarrel with Mare about it.After a frustration in his speculative career, Disraeli continued to create.In 1826, one of his anonymous novellas, Vivian Gray, was published.The novel attacks Ma Lei, and his own authorship is quickly exposed, so he is given a cold shoulder by Ma Lei and his friends in the literary world.This series of events was an unbearable blow to a young man who was just starting out, and he was close to insanity.In order to recover his health, he traveled to Italy and Switzerland, and during his recuperation, he wrote the travels of Captain Popanilla and the young duke.In 18301831, Disraeli embarked on a 16-month trip to countries bordering the Mediterranean and the Near East, visiting Spain, Albania, Greece, Turkey, Palestine and Egypt.This trip was a turning point in Disraeli's life, and his health was fully restored.His visits abroad, especially in the Near East, aroused his keen interest in politics and diplomacy, and he deeply felt that in order to make achievements in his career, he must devote himself to political struggle.After returning from abroad, Disraeli decided to run for parliament.At the beginning of 1832, he moved into the bourgeois ghetto of London's West End, began to enter and exit luxurious mansions, visited prominent political figures, published his new book, the biographical novel Contelli Fried, and launched an active campaign.Disraeli was ideologically inclined to the Tories, but at the time of the first parliamentary election reform in 1832, the Whigs were in the ascendancy in domestic political life.This puts him in a dilemma.Assessing the situation, Disraeli was determined to emerge as an independent radical.In a campaign speech, he said: "I don't care what party is not a party, I have no support for the party, and I stand here independently."
And he said, "I am also a Conservative, and I keep everything that is good in our system; I am a fierce party again, and I will get rid of all that is bad."
However, without a clear partisan background and without trust and support from all sides, his first few campaigns in the nearby town of Transkhambu were defeated.Disraeli joined the Conservative Party in 1835, but it was not until 1837 that he ran for the fifth election, with the help of Windham Leavis, and the two entered Parliament together as Conservative MPs for Maidstone, Kent.Soon after, Levis died.In 1839, Disrae married Levis's widow, Mariana Evans, who was 12 years his senior.Although this marriage was criticized and ridiculed in high society, and it was considered that the man and woman were not compatible in all aspects, the Disraeli couple lived happily until they grew old together.Disraeli's activities in parliament began with leading Young Britain.After the 1841 general election, Robert Peel organized his second Conservative Cabinet.Disraeli failed to make the cabinet and was very unhappy with Peel.During this period, he led the activities of a small clique of Tory people called "Young Britain" in the House of Commons.The initiators and organizers of this group were three young people, and Disraeli was its true leader.The propaganda of "Young Britain", which glorified medieval feudal society and advocated the restoration of all the privileges of the aristocracy.In order to deceive the masses, they deceitfully declared in Parliament that they were in favour of a bill to protect child labour, to oppose the oppression of Ireland, etc.In essence, the idea of "Young England" reflected the growing discontent of the landed aristocracy with the rising power of the industrial bourgeoisie.They were opposed both to the concessions of the Peel government to the bourgeois free traders and to the Chartist movement, a genuine workers' movement.Therefore, Marx aptly pointed out that what "Young Britain" advocated was "feudal socialism".Disraeli's trilogy, published in 18441847, in Corningsby's Younger Generation, the Sybil Two Nations, and the New Crusade of Tancred, clearly expressed the idea of "Young Britain" through literary language.Sybil's book is more straightforward: "My wish is to see with my own eyes a young king who can regain his freedom, and England thinks that industrial cities, mines, and industrialization have brought misery and poverty to the people."
With no mass base, Young Britain quickly disintegrated organizationally, and by the late forties this reactionary trend had become a historical relic.The repeal of the Corn Laws prompted a final break between Disraeli and Peel.In the forties of the nineteenth century, Britain completed the industrial revolution and developed rapidly.The bourgeoisie demanded lower tariffs and free trade.The Peel government, driven by the liberal bourgeoisie, decided to abandon the protective tariff policy, repealing the Corn Laws in 1846 and opening up the free trade in grain.This decision caused a strong discontent among the Tories, and Disraeli took the opportunity to organize an opposition to the Peel cabinet in the House of Commons.A series of eloquent speeches were made against Peel, and Peel became disheartened, resigned from his post, and the cabinet collapsed.In 1848, Disraeli was officially elected leader of the Conservative Party, a position he held until his death.In the early days of Disraeli's tenure as party leader, the Conservative Party was not only divided and difficult, but was also facing a new period of great transformation.By the middle of the nineteenth century, the Tory Party had adopted the name "Conservative" and had expanded organizationally into a large national party with central and local organizations; Politically, however, the transition to adapt to the new situation has not yet been completed.The political line of the British Conservative Party can no longer satisfy the new needs of the landed aristocracy and the big bourgeoisie in the new situation in which capitalism has developed greatly.In the nearly 30 years between the fall of the Peel Cabinet in 1846 and the formation of Disraeli in 1874, the Conservative Party had only three chances to govern, namely the three Derby Disraeli Cabinets in 1852, 185859 and 186668, with a total of less than five years.In order to get out of the predicament, Disraeli put forward a programme to transform the Conservative Party.There are two main points: to implement relatively active and flexible policies internally and to carry out a certain degree of social reform; Externally, it shouldered the mission of building a vast colonial empire.Due to the poor health of Edward Smith Stanley, Earl of Derby, the burden of the three cabinets was mainly borne by Chancellor of the Exchequer Disraeli.In 1859, Disraeli introduced a new electoral reform bill to Parliament, calling for an increase in the number of voters and a reduction in the eligibility of rural tenants from £50 to £10, with the aim of gaining the support of this segment.However, Conservative MPs thought the request was too much, and the Liberals were not satisfied, so the bill was not passed.In February 1867, Disraeli learned the lessons of Gladstone's defeat in 1866 and, with the impetus of the people, proposed a new parliamentary reform bill that went slightly further than the Liberal Party's 1866 bill.Adopted by parliament in August 1867.The new bill provides:In the cities, the right to vote is given to all landlords who pay poor tax and to tenants who pay rent of not less than £10 a year and live for a period of not less than one year.In the counties, landowners earning not less than £5 a year and tenant operators who pay £12 a year rent are granted the right to vote.Some skilled workers also gained the right to vote.The new bill doubles the electorate to 2.5 million.The success of the parliamentary reform of 1867 not only strengthened the ranks and prestige of the Conservative Party, but also greatly enhanced Disraeli's personal reputation.In February 1868, Derby left office due to illness and Disraeli took over as prime minister.As he himself put it, he finally "climbed to the top of the slippery rod".However, due to the government's unpopularity in Ireland and a number of other issues, the Conservatives lost the general election in late 1868 and Disraeli was forced to resign.In the process of rebuilding the Conservative Party, in addition to some reforms in domestic affairs, Disraeli also took active foreign aggression and expansion and the establishment of a powerful British colonial empire that dominated the world as his program of struggle.During his opposition in 18681874, Disraeli vigorously attacked William Yurt Gladstone's Liberal cabinet for its lack of vision and disregard for the interests of the empire.In February 1874, the Conservatives won the general election, and Disraeli, at the age of 70, was tasked with forming his own first cabinet.Disraeli came to power in a situation that had improved considerably: the Conservatives had gained a reputation at home and the Cabinet had the support of a majority in Parliament.Therefore, although he was old and in poor health, he still spared no effort to implement the policy of colonial aggression and expansion during his tenure, and made great contributions to the construction of the British colonial empire building.Disraeli first seized control of the Suez Canal.The Suez Canal was opened to navigation in 1869.Prior to this, Britain had not invested in the construction of the canal, which was entirely a joint venture between the French and the Egyptians.But the huge revenues brought by the opening of the canal made the British bourgeoisie salivate.In 1875, Egypt's Governor-General, Ismail Pasha, was in financial crisis and intended to sell his shares in the canal.But the French are not greedy enough, and they plan to lower the price again, after hearing the news, Disraeli secretly borrowed money from the Rothschild family overnight, and bought all the shares of the Egyptian government at a low price of 4 million pounds, accounting for about 45% of all the shares of the canal, plus some small shares, and the British thus controlled the lifeblood of this east-west sea transportation.As soon as the news of this incident came out, the whole country was excited.Secondly, in 1876, at the suggestion of Disraeli, the parliament passed a decision to confer the title of "Empress of India" on Queen Victoria, and a grand coronation ceremony was held in Delhi, the capital of India, on New Year's Day in 1877.Victoria's dream of being a queen for many years has finally come true.Disraeli's move was not simply to repay the queen for her support, but more importantly, to show off the greatness of the empire to the British and Indian people and to stir up chauvinism among the masses.The term "British Empire", which was originally used only verbally, has since become one of the official names of the United Kingdom and has since appeared in official documents.In recognition of Disraeli's exploits, Queen Victoria made him Earl of Biconsfield.Disraeli's greatest concern and interest is the so-called Oriental question.In the mid-seventies of the nineteenth century, the Balkan peoples under Turkish slavery launched a massive uprising, the Bulgarian national independence movement was on the rise, and the situation in the Near East became tense again.Britain, with its huge economic interests in Turkey, strongly supported the Turkish Sultan against the national liberation movements in the Balkans.The Russian Empire, on the other hand, sought to destroy the rule of the Turkish Empire by pretending to be the liberation struggle of the Slavs, thereby weakening the power of rival Britain in the Near East.The two sides refused to give in to each other, and the contradictions and struggles intensified, which finally led to the re-outbreak of the Russo-Turkish War in 1877.After four battles of Plevin, the Russian army finally crossed the Carpathians, the front reached Adrianople, and the news reached the British, openly expressing doubts about the correctness of the government's eastern policy.Discontent is also reflected within the Cabinet.The Foreign Secretary, Lord Derby Jr., called for a review of the Government's traditional Eastern policy.Unable to tolerate the Russian approach to the Mediterranean, Disraeli dismissed Lord Derby Jr. and ordered the British Royal Navy to be stationed at the Istanbul anchorage, determined to fight to defend the Ottoman Empire.Russia had exhausted its combat strength and was afraid of being besieged by Western countries like the Crimean War of 1853, so it had to withdraw its troops.The Berlin Conference of 1878.Through Bismarck's mediation, Russia was forced to make full concessions to Britain, and most of the results were spit out.Britain, on the other hand, acquired the island of Cyprus as collateral to defend itself against Russia's southward advance without a war.Disraeli's prestige was at its peak when he returned home.In addition to Turkey, Disraeli is also actively expanding into Iran and Afghanistan.After the Russo-Turkish war, the Anglo-Russian rivalry in Afghanistan became fierce again.In order to occupy Afghanistan as soon as possible, the British launched the Second Anglo-Afghan War in 1878, and the British army defeated the resistance of the Afghan army at the beginning, captured the Afghan capital Kabul, and forced Afghanistan to accept humiliating peace terms.But the British victory did not last long, a national anti-British uprising broke out in Afghanistan, and the British invading army was hit hard by the Afghan people.The Emperor's current involvement in the war between Afghanistan and Britain is a direct confrontation with Disraeli.In addition to the Afghan issue, in order to put pressure on the British government, the emperor also intervened in African affairs.Britain had long been trying to occupy the two Boer states of South Africa, the Free State of Orange and the Republic of the Transvaal, but had never succeeded.At the end of the sixties of the XIX century, diamond mines were discovered on the territory of the Boer state, and in order to take possession of these treasures, in 1877 the Conservative government of Disraeli declared the occupation of the Boer Republic.The Boers are fighting against the Zulus, the indigenous people of South Africa, and are in a very difficult situation.The British immediately threw themselves into the battle against the Zulus.Disraeli was highly praised by the British bourgeoisie in history and is considered one of the most prominent figures who rose to the top of British politics.Even Disraeli's political rival, Gladstone, praised him as "Lord Biconsfield's career is in many respects the most laudable in the history of Parliament".This compliment is not difficult to understand.As a representative of the bourgeoisie, he did everything in his power to consolidate the British capitalist system.In a sense, his political history can be said to be a microcosm of the history of the development of British capitalism in the mid-to-late nineteenth century.In the early days of his political career, Disraeli was a staunch defender of the Old Tories Party, which represented the interests of the landed aristocracy and high clergy of eighteenth-century England.Later, he parted ways with Peel because of his opposition to the repeal of the Corn Laws and the opening of free trade.But Disraeli was a bourgeois political practitioner who was visionary.When Disraeli himself became the leader of the Conservative Party and set about rectifying the fragmented and shrinking political base, he had come to realize that the most fundamental thing to revive the Conservative Party was to transform it, to renovate it, to meet the needs of the new era.In the later years of Disraeli's political activities, especially during his tenure as prime minister, he carried out some reforms at home and colonial expansion abroad, and his activities were well received by the bourgeoisie, winning honor for the Conservative Party and contributing to the establishment of the British colonial empire.Disraeli himself was canonized by Queen Victoria, wearing the title of Earl of Biconsfield into the House of Lords, and standing sideways in the ranks of the nobility.Before coming to England, Hua Huang had a systematic impression of Disraeli's past, and it was indeed commendable that he could stand out in Britain, a society dominated by the big bourgeoisie, and revitalize a traditional political party with his ability and as a middle class.It was much easier for the Chinese Emperor to build the Chinese Conservative Party from scratch than it was for Disraeli to change the British Conservative Party from the old to the new.It is now May 1879, and this is an era when there is no right or wrong, and in the two hundred years before that, and for more than half a century since, wars have been unjust, there is almost no right or wrong, only victory and defeat, winning is right, losing is wrong.t1706231537: