"On the road below, don't get out of the car, just let Timothy Lee go down to see the German magistrate on my behalf."
President Moe said to Princess Katrina Kaf."
Okay."
Princess Katrina Kafu agreed: "This is not rude, if they do this at every stop, Your Majesty will not be able to receive everyone, otherwise you will become Your Majesty and their magistrate level." ”"That's great, I don't have to go on all the time, or I'll have to keep touching up my makeup."
Geger smiled.President Meng smiled: "It's you who love beauty, in fact, you are more beautiful without makeup, and you like to see your delicate skin." ”Jiegege rarely listened to Emperor Hua praise his appearance, and happily sat beside Emperor Hua.Jiegege is the eldest daughter of Emperor Xianfeng of Qing Wenzong, and her only daughter, with outstanding appearance; The biological mother Zhuang Jinghuang concubine Tatara was a concubine at the time.Born on the seventh day of the fifth month of the fifth year of Xianfeng, his mother Concubine Li was also named Concubine Li three days after giving birth because of the "birth of the eldest princess".After the death of Emperor Xianfeng, Concubine Li was promoted to Emperor Li's concubine, and later because the Empress Dowager Cixi and the Empress Dowager Ci'an did not give birth to a daughter, she was very favored by the Empress Dowager of the two palaces and regarded her as her own daughter.President Meng married Jie Gege, not because of Jie Gege's identity, nor to entrap the Manchus, after the Manchus were overthrown by the Qing court, in fact, there was nothing left, there was no need to envelop at all.Emperor Hua found Jiegege because of his beauty and wisdom, as well as when he first entered the palace, he was taken care of by Jiegege and Emperor Li's concubine.It is said that Emperor Hua seized power, and he really did not kill anyone indiscriminately, even Cixi died because she was angry, and the Empress Dowager Ci'an died of illness.However, the original health was not very good, the imperial concubine Lihuang and Jie Gege, under the nourishment of the Chinese Emperor, coupled with the advanced medical conditions of the Chinese Emperor, the better they lived, and the Jie Gege also became the queen of the Chinese Emperor on the eve of the establishment of the Chinese Emperor.Princess Katrina Kafu saw that Jaeg Gege and Hwahuang were leaning together, and hurriedly went out, and Lee Tae-hee and several beautiful secretaries also went out and closed the door of this carriage exclusive to Hwahuang.Jiegege suddenly found that everyone was gone, his face turned red, and he said ashamedly: "Why are they all out?"
"This is not better than our two-person world." ”The emperor held Jiegege's pink little hand and said with emotion: "You are my wife, I am very content to have you." ”Jie Gege looked at the emperor in surprise, and said with a shyly smile: "Your Majesty, what's wrong with you never said such sweet words to me today." ”"Why haven't you said that I often say I love you," Hua Huang smiled and kissed Jiegege's pink face."
It's been a long time since I said it, but I like it when Your Majesty does this to me."
Ge Ge continued to lean on the shoulder of the Chinese Emperor, "Your Majesty, speaking of which, the unification of Germany was only six years earlier than our Huaguo, why are they so developed, it seems that they are not much lost to the British" President Meng nodded: "It is still much worse than Britain, the unification of Germany, officially integrated into a single country at the political and administrative level, took place on January 18, 1871 in the Hall of Mirrors of the Palace of Versailles in France."
At the end of the Franco-Prussian War and the defeat of France, the royal families of the German states gathered at Versailles to proclaim the German Empire and proclaim King Wilhelm I of Prussia as Emperor of the German Empire.In fact, from an unofficial point of view, most of the German-speaking states tried to unite a century ago, and the confederation already existed.In the process of gradual merger, differences and contradictions between various states in religion, dialects, social customs, and culture naturally appeared, and eventually moved towards unification.Thus, the ceremony of 1871 represented only the end of the long process of unification. ”"So that's the case, before they were officially unified, it was actually similar to reunification, isn't it" Jie Gege followed Emperor Hua's words."
Rather, during the Holy Roman Empire, Germany consisted of more than 300 independent states, large and small, and the affairs of the empire as a whole were controlled by Austria, the most powerful of the states, and the Austrian Archduke Franz was also the emperor, called Franz II.On August 9, 1805, Austria, Great Britain, Russia, Naples and Sweden formed a third anti-French alliance and declared war on Napoleon, which ended in a crushing defeat.The defeat discredited Austria in the Empire, and with the abdication of Franz II on August 6, 1806, the states were dissolved and the Holy Roman Empire officially ended.Before the fall of the empire, there were constant legal, administrative, political and diplomatic frictions between the states, but the subsequent French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars stimulated the German-speaking population of the former empire, and the pursuit of the same language, the same culture, and the same legal foundation in the states was at an all-time high.At the same time, the emergence of modern nationalist ideas, which challenged the dynastic and autocratic institutions of Europe's socio-political ecology, provided the academic basis for the unification of Germany, and the promoters of unification emphasized the importance of regional unification of traditions, education, and language.In terms of economy and trade, the German Customs Union, initiated by Prussia in 1818, was gradually extended to other states in the German Confederation, eliminating the cumbersome, contradictory and vicious competition of interstate trade.This, combined with the continuous improvement of transportation, has made it easier to trade and travel within and between states, further accelerating communication and exchange between German-speaking populations in Central Europe, although sometimes with some friction.It can be said that Napoleon helped the unification of Germany. ”Hua Huang introduced to Jiegege.Gege sighed and said with a smile: "Originally, I didn't like to study the history of other countries, but I like to listen to His Majesty tell me, like telling a story." ”On June 18, 1815, Napoleon led the French army to a crushing defeat at the Battle of Waterloo and announced his abdication.After Louis XVIII's reinstatement, he renewed the peace treaty of 1815 with the parties to the Sixth Anti-French Coalition on 20 November, which, together with the results of the Congress of Vienna, consolidated Austria's sphere of influence in Central Europe and confirmed it as president of the German Confederation.However, neither the peacemakers nor the conference could take into account the growing power of Prussia, let alone foresee that Prussia would soon challenge Austria's leadership.Both Prussia and Austria had ambitions to unify Germany, but they proposed two different proposals: Prussia proposed the Little German plan, which excluded Austria from Germany; Austria proposed the Greater German Plan, a Germany that included Austria. ”Moe said."
It's a pity that they weren't merged, otherwise how powerful would it be that the Prussian side would have led the reunification with Chancellor Bismarck?"
asked Jagger.Speaking of the unification of Germany, it is impossible not to mention the promoter of the unification process, Otto von Bismarck, then Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Prussia.The realpolitik led by Bismarck, that is, taking national interests as the highest consideration in domestic and foreign affairs, and taking political, economic, military and diplomatic strength as the yardstick for judging the strength or weakness of a country, coupled with the objective environment at that time, including the ups and downs of nationalism and nationalism, completely affected the trend of Prussia and Germany in the 19th century, and also happened to conform to the people's expectations for a unified Germany under the condition of being bullied by Denmark and France and many other countries for a long time.The unification of Germany, promoted by Bismarck, was largely based on Prussia's three military victories: the Prussian-Danish War of 1864, the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, and the Franco-Prussian War 18701871.The victory brought popular support and international respect, and Bismarck's masterful manoeuvre, made the unification of the states a matter of course.Eventually, through direct dialogue such as the Austro-Prussian War, Prussia succeeded in excluding Austria and in 1871 established a politically and administratively independent Germany without Austria.Since then, the pattern of the two powers of Prussia and Austria has been formed, or it can be said that the conflict between Germany and Austria has been temporarily eased. ”President Moe replied."
This Bismarck is so powerful, no wonder His Majesty always mentions him and praises him."
Geeg snorted."
Not only Bismarck, but also many talented people in Germany, Feng Long and Moltke, these two are also very talented.In 1857, King Frederick William IV of Prussia suffered a stroke that partially paralyzed his body and prevented him from continuing to manage state affairs.In October 1858, he was regent by his younger brother, Prince Wilhelm, the future Kaiser Wilhelm I; Moltke the Elder was appointed Chief of Staff of the General Staff; Feng Long served as Minister of War.Von Long and Wilhelm worked together to reorganize the Prussian army, while Moltke redesigned Prussia's national defense strategy to rationalize the operational command structure.The reform of the army also caused a constitutional crisis in Prussia, where both the Reichstag and the king, through the Minister of War, wanted to control the budget allocated to the army.Prince Wilhelm officially ascended the throne in 1862 as "King Wilhelm I of Prussia".Later, Wilhelm appointed Otto von Bismarck as Prime Minister of Prussia; Bismarck supported Von Long, Minister of War, in resolving the constitutional crisis.After the Crimean War in 185455 and the Second Italian War of Independence in 1859, which upset the relations between Britain, France, Austria, and Russia, Moltke's redesign of the war concept, the reorganization of the army by Von Long and Wilhelm, and Bismarck's diplomacy all combined to influence the restructure of the balance of power in Europe, and backed by the idea of military power and realpolitik, through a series of foreign victories, quickly made Prussia the leading power of the whole of Germany. ”Moe said."
Then, why do you want to call Bismarck the iron-blooded prime minister, I know one Bismarck, and I am not familiar with the other two, so I am interested in Bismarck."
Geger said.On September 30, 1862, at a meeting of the Budget Committee of the Prussian House of Commons, Bismarck, who had just assumed the post of chancellor, made his famous "blood and iron" speech, in which he expounded on the nature of realpolitik: "Do not expect speeches and resolutions to solve the problems we face at hand, we made great mistakes in 1848 and 49, and it is iron and blood that can solve the problems."
Bismarck's "iron and blood" is generally regarded as evidence of Germany's future resort to force, but in fact it is a misunderstanding and improper quotation of Bismarck's words.First of all, his statement in his speech that "do not expect to solve the problems facing us today with speeches and resolutions" is often interpreted as Bismarck's "abandonment of political and diplomatic means", but in fact Bismarck himself never advocated "abandonment".Second, Bismarck's emphasis on "iron and blood" does not imply the invincible military strength of the Prussian army, but actually refers to the ability to implement it in action and two major indicators: "iron" refers to the production capacity of steel and related weapons and equipment in the German states; And "blood" refers to the determination and will to use their steel and weapons when necessary. ”President Moe explained."
It's really talented to be able to form a unified government in Germany in such a short period of time.""
When I get to Berlin, I'll see what this old man is, but it's a pity that I can't speak German." ”The Emperor of China thought of seeing Bismarck immediately, and he was also fascinated by it, and it was not as good as seeing Bismarck, the most powerful politician of the 19th century, that the Emperor Hua looked forward to more.t1706231537: