Therefore, when Hua entered the Indochina Peninsula, he did not go by himself, but was invited by these indigenous leaders.In this way, it is logical, as long as you abide by the laws of China, there is no problem."
The Chinese army has won the battle again" "We have become so strong now" "It's unlikely, didn't you say some time ago that it is very difficult to keep the provinces of Central Asia, and now all the British have been beaten out of India" "More than that, have you read the newspapers, the British and the French are preparing to leave in the countries of the Indochina Peninsula now, and the garrison headquarters in Yunnan and Guangxi are organizing personnel to enter various places, and I heard that the countries of the Indochina Peninsula have sent people to contact us, and they all want to become our protectorates. ”The common people talked a lot, and there was a sense of pride everywhere.In contrast, Catherine's ongoing campaign to get rid of the old is not so strong.Many people who had conservative ideas were gradually changing, and in accordance with the requirements of the Chinese Emperor, conservative people were constantly sent to Central Asia and the Middle East to join the construction corps.Huahuang's sports are immortal, and he has different ideas, so he just went out of Huaguo to exercise.If you don't open your eyes to see the world, you will never be able to change the concept of these people.Indochina Peninsula is a peninsula in Southeast Asia, because it is located in the south of China, China is translated as Indochina Peninsula, which was influenced by China and India in ancient times, and is known internationally as "Indo-China".The climate of the Indochina Peninsula is humid and hot, the vegetation is luxuriant, and the main rivers and mountains of the peninsula are extended by China, so there is a saying that "the mountains are the same vein, the water is the same source", and the civilization of the Indochina Peninsula has a long history and the language is complex and distorted.Located between China and the South Asian subcontinent, bordered by the Bay of Bengal, the Andaman Sea and the Strait of Malacca in the west, and the South China Sea in the Pacific Ocean in the east, it is one of the three major peninsulas in southern Asia, and is a bridge between the East Asian continent and the archipelago.This part belongs to the Huaguo with a long history, which was the Central Plains Dynasty's Jiaozhi County, Yongchang County, Annan Prefecture and its subordinate counties, as well as the Central Plains Prefecture, Yunnan and other places in the Zhongshu Province, Yunnan Chengxuan Political Envoy Division, Jiaozhi Chengxuan Political Envoy Division, Jiugang Xuanwei Division, Annan Metropolitan Envoy Division, etc.Since the mid-19th century, the region has been under French and British colonial rule, with the exception of Thailand, which remained independent.Among them, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam were ruled by France and were called the "French Confederation of Central and South China".Burma, Malaya, and Singapore were ruled by the British.Indonesia and the Philippines were also controlled by the Dutch and Spaniards.The British and Europeans only knew that the Chinese army had occupied the Suez Canal, and they were not very clear about the whole situation of the war.At this time, the Emperor announced to the whole world that he would protect the whole of Africa and the whole of Asia, and support the freedom movement of the people of all Africa and the whole of Asia.
The fact that imperialism stood on the bones of the people of the backward regions of Asia, Africa and South America and became strong was the most unbearable part of the Chinese Emperor.The first industrial revolution began in England in the sixties of the eighteenth century, marked by the invention and application of the steam engine, which brought history into the age of coal and iron.The use of iron is increasing, but iron is too soft for many purposes, and it is not easy to make iron into steel.It was not until 1856 that the Englishman Besimer found a more satisfactory method of steelmaking, and steel production developed.But the Besimer steelmaking method also has a limitation, that is, it does not solve the problem of phosphate ores.In 1879, the Englishman Thomas invented the method of dephosphorization and steelmaking, and this problem was solved.This has helped the countries of continental Europe, where there is an endless supply of mineral sands, especially in Lorraine and Luxembourg, but they are all phosphorus-contained.With the Thomas Steelmaking method, world steel production has risen rapidly.In 1870, the world's steel production was only 520,000 tons, and steel gradually replaced iron as the main material for machine building, railways and construction.In the last three decades of the nineteenth century, the railroad tracks were completely converted to steel rails, and the railway line grew rapidly.Between 1870 and 1900, the length of the world's railways increased from 210,000 to 760,000 kilometers, and maritime traffic changed from wooden sailing ships to steel steamboats.Huahuang caught up with the last train of world development in a very timely manner.The application of electricity was representative of the latest technological achievements of the time.In 1866, the German engineer Siemens built the first generator, a machine that turned mechanical force into electricity.In 1870, the Belgian worker Graham made another electric motor, that is, a machine that converts electricity into mechanical force, and the electrical industry emerged.Huaguo was the first to discover the method of long-distance power transmission.In addition, the first thermal power station was created, and the transmission lines were connected into a network, and the use of electricity began to spread.The widespread use of electricity not only changed the face of production, with the installation of electrical equipment in factories and the replacement of steam power with electricity, but also the invention of telephones, electric lights, trams, and movie projectors, which changed the face of urban life.Since then, mankind has entered an era with electricity as the main energy source.During this period, the invention of the internal combustion engine, which was invented in the sixties of the nineteenth century, was also a major technological breakthrough, and Chinese scientists made it possible for the rise of automobile and aircraft manufacturing.In 1866, the world's first experimental car propelled by an internal combustion engine was designed by German engineer Carbenz.Internal combustion engines use liquid fuels and require large quantities of oil, which in turn drives the development of the oil extraction industry.At the time when the great powers had not yet started the automobile industry, the strategic goal of China was already on oil, and for the great powers, the reason why they carved up Africa was because there was no place for them to carve up, and it was not aimed at oil, so at this time in 1879, the great powers were not particularly sensitive to the emperor's proposal to protect the entire African continent.The establishment of the chemical industry was also a major technological achievement at the end of the nineteenth century.The chemical industry not only uses chemical methods for the processing of raw materials, such as refining chemical products such as ammonia, benzene, and artificial dyes from coal, but also uses chemical methods to synthesize substances.The development of new science and technology and the productive forces had an important impact on the capitalist economy, and new forms of industrial operation appeared in the capitalist economic structure, and joint-stock companies began to develop.Whether it is a new industry or the use of new technology to transform the traditional industry, a large amount of investment is required, and this is difficult for individual capital to do, so some capitalists put their own capital into the company, joint stock to set up all kinds of large enterprises, these large enterprises in the competition continue to expand, they rely on abundant capital and new technology equipment to squeeze out a large number of backward small enterprises and merge them, thus promoting production and capital concentration.Just when the whole world is plunged into a new round of economic crisis, Huaguo has not yet been troubled by the economic crisis, because Huaguo's territory is too large, and the scope of industry is not enough, it is very concentrated, and it is concentrated in the rich areas of Beizhong and Huaguo's Jiangnan, there are enough manpower and markets, and the gap between the rich and the poor in the whole country is not obvious, so there is no hidden danger of economic crisis.Economic crises became an incurable disease for the great powers, and in the last three decades of the nineteenth century, economic crises in the capitalist world were frequent, growing in scale and destructive.The economic crisis of 1873 was an unprecedented crisis in the capitalist world, and the depression that followed it lasted six years.After a short period of recovery, a new crisis erupted in 1879, followed by a long period of depression.A new crisis swept in, this one that hit not only Europe and North America, but which would last until 1903 in its original history.All, it's not that the British are slow to react, it's because Benjamin Disraeli really can't come up with the money, and the government can't come up with the money to send a large-scale corps expedition, and it can't stop the Chinese army from advancing just by mouth, and this is the current relationship between China and the great powers.The areas attacked by Hua Guo could not make the great powers feel much pressure at home, and the shackles of the economic crisis did not have much incentive for the great powers to teach Hua a lesson, or to contain the Chinese emperor.In the last thirty years of the nineteenth century, crises and depressions dominated most of the years, a new phenomenon that had never occurred in the previous development of capitalism.The economic crisis caused a large number of small enterprises to close down, and production and capital were further concentrated, and when the concentration reached a certain stage, monopolies appeared.Monopoly is a product of capitalist free competition and economic development, and the economic crisis has developed to a certain extent.However, the basis for the formation of monopoly lies in the progress of science and technology and the development of productive forces.To a certain extent, the emergence of monopoly organizations is a partial adjustment of capitalist relations of production and a means to meet the needs of the development of productive forces.It merges many small and medium-sized enterprises into large enterprises, and many scattered capitalists into collective capitalists, that is, collectivizes private capital.The so-called monopoly organization refers to a monopoly economic alliance formed by some large enterprises in the same industrial sector in order to monopolize production and the market in order to obtain high profits.Monopolies come in many forms: In Germany, the main form of monopolies is cartels, which are joint organizations formed to divide the sales market and determine the output and price of products.The monopolies in Russia were mainly syndicates, which were syndicates that sold products and purchased raw materials in a unified manner.The number of large factories united by the Russian hardware sales companies did not exceed 20 of the total number of factories in the sector, but they controlled more than 80 percent of the country's metallurgical production.The trust is the dominant form of monopoly organization in the United States, and the enterprises participating in the trust are completely merged and concentrated into a large joint-stock company, which is managed by the board of directors, and the original business owners become shareholders and receive dividends according to their shares.There is also a type of monopoly organization called Kang Zeen, which appeared a little later, when the monopoly gained a dominant position and was further strengthened, so it is also one of the most complex forms of monopoly organization.The German word for conglomerate is a multi-group of companies that unites many companies in different sectors of the economy and is formed with the most powerful monopolies as the core.Monopoly means domination, and these ruling organizations have established domination relations everywhere in their own industrial sectors, and it is no longer a competition between small and large enterprises, between technologically backward and technologically advanced enterprises, but between those enterprises that are not part of the monopolies and do not submit to their own oppression and mercy.This transition from free competition to monopoly is the most important phenomenon of the imperialist economy.The monopoly of the industrial sector began during the crisis of 1873 and the depression that followed it.Since then, monopolies have occupied one industrial sector after another, first in heavy industry and then in light industry.The crisis has greatly accelerated this process, giving monopolies a complete advantage among the advanced countries.They generally concentrate in their own hands seven-tenths or eight-tenths of the total production of an industrial sector, which becomes a basis of economic life.Capitalism became imperialism.The same process took place in the banking sector, where the small banks were crowded out by the big banks, and the big banks were merged by the largest banks, resulting in the formation of a handful of the largest banks, which took the bulk of the nation's capital and monetary revenues.The combination of bank capital and industrial capital gave banks a new function.In the past, the main business of banks was money deposits and loans, pooling inactive money and lending it to industrialists for profit, so the bank was only an ordinary intermediary institution.The merging of bank capital and industrial capital forms financial capital, which becomes an all-powerful monopolist, which not only subjugates enterprises of all walks of life by various means and unites them into monopolies such as Conzen, but also demands the right to supervise their corporate management and production processes and to give orders to other large corporations when lending to them, so that the combination of bank capital and industrial capital greatly deepens the process of monopoly.The superiority of finance capital over all other forms of capital has given the financial oligarchy to dominate.Monopolies are often the result of brutal competition, a process that is rife with violence, fraud, and all kinds of ugliness.In commercial speculation, the methods of the big enjoyers are even more despicable, and their basic way of making money is to cheat.Nevertheless, the formation of monopolies is a progressive phenomenon in the development of capitalism.The emergence of monopolies is a means of partially adjusting the capitalist relations of production to meet the needs of the development of the productive forces.Under the conditions of monopoly, new changes have taken place in the degree and scale of concentration of production, the modernization of production equipment, the strengthening of production planning, and so on, which have expanded the influence of capitalist relations of production on the productive forces and capacity, and promoted the development of the productive forces.In the era of imperialism, capitalism developed much faster than before.By the end of the nineteenth century, the world had been divided among the great powers.But the new capitalist countries always want to redivide the world, that is, to snatch the colonies that others already occupy, which means war.The entry of capitalism into the era of imperialism was marked by the outbreak of imperialist war.It is also understandable why, in the second half of the 19th century, the whole world was relatively peaceful.This is because the strength of the various powers is not enough to wage large-scale wars, and it is also because in the last decades of the 19th century, especially after the birth of the emperor, the great powers have never been free from the economic crisis, which also provides the best opportunity for the rapid overthrow of the Qing government.Because the great powers led by Britain and France, obsessed with world colonization, the economy is weak at this stage, while China is developing rapidly, crazy road construction, railway construction, and armament development, and the stimulated heavy industry of China is galloping forward like a wild horse.Just when Catherine was transporting two divisions and a large amount of food and ammunition from mainland China to the Central Asian provinces, British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli also gritted his teeth and mobilized the British Atlantic Fleet to transport two divisions to Istanbul.In addition, France also made it clear that if the Chinese army did not stop its attempts on Indochina, they would directly send troops to assist the army of the Ottoman Turkish Empire, and for the common good, Britain and France would form an alliance again.t1706231537: