s: I regret to my classmates that I am still too easily influenced by the outside world.
Because of the 300 tons of gold incident, I have been trolling Mad Cat for the past two days, and even my own book has been delayed.
I'm really sorry, you guys despise me, b What are the navies of various countries mainly doing during "Navy Holiday"?
The first answer is to exploit loopholes in the treaty.
The second answer is to exploit loopholes in the treaty.
The third answer is to exploit loopholes in the treaty.
To be honest, the Washington Treaty is far from being a perfect treaty.
According to the British Foreign Secretary, its loopholes are so big that an elephant can tap dance inside.
Of course, the great powers who signed the treaty were not fools.
Of course, such a big loophole was intentional and the result of the understanding of the big hooligans.
But these loopholes can only be exploited by big hooligans.
If other little fart countries dare to do this, they will be beaten to death.
This is called "the punishment is not as good as the Eight Changs, and the courtesy is not as good as Uncle Hei".
Although the big hooligans are all playing around with things and taking advantage of loopholes in the treaty, after all, there are still limits, at least we can't go too far.
Therefore, this naval arms limitation treaty still plays a big role.
The most obvious one is that although everyone is playing with the limits on tonnage and main gun caliber, there are still restrictions.
Since there are restrictions on tonnage and caliber, everyone's main focus has turned to how to increase the combat effectiveness of warships as much as possible based on these restrictions.
In order to achieve this goal, the navies and designers of the great powers have come up with all kinds of methods, all kinds of imaginative ideas, all kinds of weird and wonderful ideas, it is almost endless.
Playing with the displacement scale is just the most basic method.
If more than 120% of people can turn a blind eye and pretend not to see it, there are unspoken rules, everyone does it.
But don't go too far.
Generally speaking, exceeding the standard by two achievements is the limit.
If you exceed the limit by two, you will treat others as fools.
Therefore, to improve the combat effectiveness of warships, it is not enough to just play tricks with scales.
The most important thing is to develop various new subsystems.
Weapons, armor, power, fire control, sightings, living facilities, and even food, etc., are all subjects of research by the great powers.
Five companies, China, the United States, Britain, Germany and Japan, are all conducting in-depth research in these aspects.
Of course, the number and progress of research projects will depend on their respective economic and technological strengths.
The first thing everyone started working on was the weapon system.
It is true that the caliber of the main gun is limited, but the magnification and ammunition are not limited.
Therefore, the great powers first worked on this.
The current mainstream of large-caliber main guns are 45 to 50 times the caliber, so some countries began to study main guns with 55 times or even higher caliber.
There is also the issue of ammunition.
The experience of World War I has taught everyone that this shell is also very critical, especially the opium cow, which is a painful lesson.
Their disastrous defeat in Jutland was at least half due to the ineffectiveness of armor-piercing ammunition.
There is also the issue of the strength of the artillery.
Some people have an idea and think that they can work on the propellant.
It is also a good idea to "drug" the cannon.
As for aspects such as armor, power, fire control, sighting, etc., each country also has its own calculations and various ideas, so I won't go into detail here.
However, there is a relatively unified improvement, that is, all the main ships have completely abandoned coal-fired boilers and kerosene mixed-fired boilers, and have all switched to oil-fired boilers.
This is also normal, because under the same power, the tonnage and space occupied by the all-oil-fired boiler are the smallest.
In the current era of tonnage pressure, this is particularly important, not to mention the other advantages it brings.
Another point is that all capital ships have become aeronautical, and the battleships of all major powers are all equipped with seaplanes.
Even if they were not designed before, they have been quickly made up in recent years.
This is also the lesson learned from many naval battles in World War I.
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After many post-war exercises, the U.S.
Navy came to the conclusion that battleships with exactly the same performance equipped with seaplanes have a combat effectiveness that is about 30 times higher than those without planes.
It is also good to not be able to carry out new construction at will, which allows everyone to invest more resources in research.
It is precisely because of this that countries have begun to block their own advanced technologies, and the good old days of "as long as you have money, you can buy technology and products" have ended prematurely.
It is now difficult for countries in the world to directly use money to buy advanced technology and equipment as before.
For example, before the war, British warships could be equipped with German boilers, and German warships could be equipped with British steam.
Turbulence, there is nothing like this anymore.
Of course, those who have this kind of trouble are at least second-rate or above powers.
Countries that are too weak have no need at all, so they naturally don't have this kind of trouble.
However, there are two exceptions, and that is the newly renamed Soviet Union and Japan.
In order for them to better play a role in containing China, the United States and the Allied Powers, the British and French have given them a lot of advanced technology and equipment.
All are open to them.
The Soviet Union and Japan, which have received technical assistance from Britain and France, have qualitatively improved their technical capabilities compared to before.
Japan, in particular, has a shipbuilding level that is considered to be among the best in the world, second only to Britain and on par with Germany and France.
It is intended to be at the same level, and in some aspects, such as battleship main guns, it is stronger than the United States.
No need to be surprised.
At this time, the United States was indeed very productive and wealthy, but it had no advantage over old Europe in terms of cutting-edge technology.
As for China's technology, it is just cheating.
There is no need to compare it with these countries.
It is too bullying.
As mentioned before, submarines are the easiest things to cheat because of their concealment.
Just hide in any cave and find them wherever you want.
Even if you want to appear in public, you can also use the "deck" method to fool people.
Therefore, when large and medium-sized warships are restricted, this kind of ship has attracted the attention of various countries.
In the past few years during the naval holiday, all countries have increased their investment in submarine technology.
In addition to the fact that this thing is easy to cheat, the biggest reason is that during the war, the Allied Powers were bitten miserably by Er Dezi's wolves.
Regarding this insidious thing, the Allied Powers, who were once violently tortured by German wolves, could not ignore it even if they wanted to.
They are not fools.
As the old saying goes, "A long illness becomes a cure".
Britain and France, who were brought to death by German submarines, became particularly interested in this thing after the war.
In addition to vigorously developing conventional submarines, they have also developed many imaginative gadgets.
For example, the French Sukov-class submarine came out a few years in advance, and it is even more exaggerated than the original one.
It is a giant gun submarine with a displacement of 5,000 tons and is equipped with two 280 mm main guns.
Of course, the main gun of this specification has exceeded the standard, so the Frenchman built it in secret.
The British are not far behind in this regard.
They have not exceeded the standard in terms of main gun caliber.
What they have built is a mother-child submarine with a lot of imagination.
The mother boat is a large ocean-going submarine with a displacement of 5,000 tons, and the daughter boat is a miniature submarine with a displacement of only 30 tons and can carry one torpedo.
The mother boat can carry eight daughter boats.
As the most advanced users of submarines, the Germans will certainly not lag behind.
They have also developed a strange-looking three-body serial submarine, which looks like three submarines connected in parallel.
Of course, the most fun ships in various countries are ships that are completely unrestricted.
According to the provisions of the Washington Treaty of this plane, there are two types of combat ships that are not subject to any restrictions.
You can do whatever you want.
The first type is a warship whose main gun caliber does not exceed 1054.1 inches and whose standard platoon does not exceed 1200 tons.
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The second type is a warship whose standard platoon exceeds 1,200 tons but does not exceed 3,000 tons, and the main gun caliber does not exceed 763 inches, the number of main guns does not exceed 4, and there are no torpedoes.
The first type is the frigate, or "escort destroyer".
Britain, France and the United States, which have suffered enough from submarines, are opposed to such restrictions on ships.
The second type mainly refers to coast guard or patrol ships.
This kind of thing, which can barely even be regarded as a second-line ship, naturally needs to be limited.
As for the frigate, as the name suggests, everyone basically positions it as an anti-submarine ship.
Since there is no tonnage limit, what everyone wants is quantity, and there is no requirement for quality, as long as it is passable.
But Japan is an exception.
Their "good tradition" of stacking weapons also extends to frigates.
Because the word "frigate" currently refers to all combat ships except capital ships in Japanese, there is no name for the type of ship.
Warships of this class are called "second-class destroyers" in the Japanese Navy.
After the war, they designed a second-class destroyer called the Beifeng-class.
The Japanese installed a total of 10 105mm main guns and 5 twin-mounted guns on this second-class destroyer, as well as several anti-aircraft guns and torpedoes.
It's like an arsenal Then nothing happened.
We encountered a storm during a training last year.
As a result, all four seemingly majestic Beifeng-class ships were thrown into the street.
They all capsized in this small storm.
Yes, the other warships that went out together were all fine, but these four Beefeng-class ships were turned upside down.
This incident was known as the "Fateful Wind Incident" and caused a moderate turmoil to the Japanese Navy.
After the public opinion in China learned about it, they were very happy about the misfortune.
Everyone said: The name was not chosen well.
It was not called "Sad Wind", and the result was tragic, hahahaha.
The media in other countries had similar reactions.
Amateurs watch the excitement, while experts watch the door.
Experts from various countries also ridiculed their Japanese counterparts, saying that they did not even do the most basic center of gravity balance test.
In fact, the Japanese designers cannot really be blamed for this own incident.
It was all caused by the blind command of the Military Command.
These guys were full of expectations for this kind of unrestricted warship and gave it to the design department of the Japanese Navy at the Ship Administration Headquarters.
The target is "to be able to fight two foreign ships of the same tonnage one at a time".
It must also be able to deal with foreign first-class destroyers, and at the same time it must be able to launch torpedoes to attack enemy capital ships.
Objectively speaking, the designers of the Ship Administration Headquarters have tried their best.
After meeting so many requirements, it is not easy for the Beifeng-class to be able to leave the port instead of sinking directly into the water.
All countries are following the trend of building frigates, and China is no exception.
After the Wuchang class, it launched China's second type of frigate, the Type 704 "Penglai class".
According to the rule of "frigates are named after county-level cities", the class name was taken from Penglai County in Shandong Province.
If the standard displacement of the "Penglai class" is strictly calculated, it should be 1,380 tons.
Yes, it exceeds the standard, but everyone is playing with the scale, and China will naturally not be stupid and follow the rules.
Does this thing still need to be taught?
You are looking down on my thousands of years of Chinese civilization.
China has also come up with many weird ways to reduce weight, so when a foreign delegation came to inspect, its standard displacement was only 1,170 tons.
Look, it didn’t exceed the standard at all.
However, the main gun of the "Penglai-class" is not superior at all.
The main gun used is a 100 mm 50-fold high-level dual-purpose gun and two twin turrets.
The secondary battery is two twin-mounted 40mm anti-aircraft guns, two twin-mounted 20mm anti-aircraft guns, and two 12mm anti-aircraft machine guns.
There is a triple 600mm torpedo tube.
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Of course, there is also the most important anti-submarine weapon for the frigate.
It is equipped with two 12-unit anti-submarine rocket launchers, two hedgehog launchers, and the largest commercial depth bomb slide.
This class of frigate is also the first warship in the world to be officially equipped with gas turbines.
It is equipped with two 14-megawatt gas turbines with a total power of approximately 37,500 horsepower and a maximum speed of 37 knots.
In addition, this is also the first warship to use dual power, that is, alternating combustion and electric power.
Note that this is not the diesel-fired alternating power that is common in later generations, but an extremely alternative fuel-electric alternating power.
At high speed, it uses a gas turbine to drive a generator and then an electric motor.
At low speed, the gas turbine stops and uses the power from the battery pack to drive the electric motor.
This method is possible thanks to the Tielong high-energy battery.
With this kind of battery, the advantages of the gas turbine can be fully utilized.
When not moving at full speed, the gas turbine drives the generator, and part of the electricity generated supplies the electric motor, and part of it charges the battery pack.
The "Penglai-class" frigate is equipped with a 50-ton Iron Dragon battery.
When fully charged, it can run at a cruising speed of 20 knots for seven days and seven nights, and can also run at a top speed of 37 knots for most of the day.
Of course, there are a lot of electrical equipment on Chinese warships, so this data is also theoretical data.
In fact, it will not take so long, and a lot of power will be occupied by equipment such as radar, sonar, and air conditioning.
But even so, running at cruising speed for five days is not a big problem.
This is truly disruptive progress.
The advantages of pure electric motors are too strong.
Needless to say, the advantages of environmental protection and low energy loss.
Low noise alone is a huge advantage, especially for anti-submarine ships.
For anti-submarine sonar, of course, the lower the noise, the better.
The noise of the diesel engine is still too loud.
And because submarines also use diesel engines when sailing at sea, it is easy to misjudge.
During sea trials, the Chinese Navy found that the anti-submarine capability of the "Penglai-class" was at least twice as high as that of the Wuchang-class using the same sonar.
After seeing the benefits of putting Iron Dragon batteries on ships, several Chinese ship design institutes have made major changes to their ships and replaced all future ship power with alternating fuel-electric power
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