Afternoon.
The Upper East District of Hanjing, the imperial decree was built in the palace of King Zhao.
Cui Yingying looked at the account book at the table, and the four of Hongxian, Siniang, Zheng Wanyan and Lu Yinyin were helping to reconcile the accounts.
The five women in the room were very busy, and the abacus beads rattled.
Li Chao walked in with a smile on his face, and Cui Yingying didn't look up at him.
Instead, the red line looked up and smiled at him, and immediately lowered his head and went to settle the score.
Cui Yingying's abacus is very fast, and she can even keep two or three accounts on the abacus at the same time.
Li Chao stood for a while, couldn't help it, and simply moved a chair to sit next to Cui Yingying, his eyes were aimed at the account book, and he helped her report the numbers.
"I can't count like this."
Cui Yingying stopped.
Several other women also immediately stopped what they were doing and looked over together.
Li Chao smiled, "Isn't there an account room at home, those are all masters of accounting, so why don't you work hard again." ” The Li family has such a big industry now, and it really makes these women reconcile, and they can't do it all day long.
The Li family's industry has a set of strict accounting and cashier systems, accounting and cashiering.
Even the account books of the entire Li family's industry must be regularly reported for review, and the accounting and cashier are not only subject to the jurisdiction of the blocks, but also subject to the management of the rules.
With this set of strict financial systems, whoever wants to reach out in the Li family's industry is really looking for death.
Although there have been people who have been doing this, everyone who stretched out their hands was basically caught.
Cui Yingying is just used to it, and she often reports the general ledger below to a pair.
It's not about checking for mistakes, it's just about letting yourself know what to do.
"In recent years, our family's cotton industry has really become bigger and bigger, and when I first did it five years ago, I thought that there would be such a big market and profits today."
In fact, according to historical records, cotton cloth was actually in the Han Dynasty, Hainan, Yunnan and other places already had cotton and cotton spinning technology, and the production of a kind of cotton cloth called wide cloth was cotton cloth, which was widely requisitioned by the Han Dynasty.
In addition, the Hanshu Ailao Yizhong also recorded the cotton spinning production in the mountainous areas of Yunnan and the Lancang River basin at that time, and the book wrote that the land of Ailao Mountain was fertile and beautiful, and it was appropriate to have five grains and silkworms, and knew that dyeing and picking, literary embroidery, poppy, silk stacking, blue dry fine cloth, and weaving into articles such as silk brocade.
There is a sycamore wood, woven as a cloth, the width is five feet, white and not stained.
Silk stack is white stack, blue dry muslin is cotton cloth with blue flowers, and sycamore wood is cotton.
In the Western Regions, Gaochang and other places also grow cotton and produce cotton cloth.
The white cloth brought by the merchants of the Western Regions from the Central Plains was very popular and very valuable, and many cotton cloths were more expensive than silk.
But what is strange is that cotton has not been cultivated in the Central Plains, and most of it is only used as an ornamental plant in the gardens of nobles.
Five years ago, Li Chao began to grow cotton in the northwest, and sent people to cultivate and improve new varieties, and invented a pedal ginning machine for removing seeds.
The machine consists of two rollers, one of which is covered with iron spikes that grip the cotton and separate it from the seed.
The second drum is covered with short, stiff hairs, and the cotton on the first drum is brushed off so that it does not clog.
The production of this heel ginning machine greatly improves the processing efficiency of cotton.
In Gaochang, the local cotton planters, the main way to remove the seeds is to pick the seeds by hand and rub the iron rod to remove the seeds, this method is very inefficient, and a few catties of seed cotton can not be removed in a day, and there is not much net cotton.
The use of this new type of ginning machine, one pound can process dozens of pounds of seed cotton, and get one or twenty pounds of net cotton.
This is more advanced than the pedal agitator invented by Huang Daopo in the Song Dynasty, the main structure of Huang Daopo's agitator, the main structure is a pair of rollers, a small shaft and a large shaft, when used, two people should shake the shaft, one person will feed the cotton between the two axes, and use these two rollers with unequal diameter, unequal speed, and opposite direction of rotation to roll each other, so that the cottonseed core and cotton fiber are separated.
But this kind of agitation efficiency is far inferior to the one designed by Li Chao.
In the past, cotton production was limited, and the most important thing was this seeding process, which required to pick out the cotton seeds one by one, and I don't know how much labor it would take.
However, now with ginning machine, the efficiency can be improved dozens of times.
Planting cotton, picking cotton, removing seeds, but also loosening, spinning, weaving, and dyeing, it can be said that the process is also extremely complicated.
The traditional spinning wheel for spinning cotton yarn is a single-spindle hand-cranked spinning wheel, and only four taels of cotton yarn can be obtained for five hours, and it takes three or four people to spin yarn in order to supply the demand of a loom.
Moreover, this spinning wheel yarn blooms quickly, and the cotton yarn is often stretched due to the undrawn or excessive twist, and this spinning wheel is originally spinning linen and spinning, and is not suitable for spinning cotton yarn.
Li Chao's improvement of the spinning wheel is directly on the large spinning wheel, especially the kind of large spinning wheel driven by water power, a waterwheel spinning wheel has dozens of spindles, and the waterwheel is driven.
Ordinary hand-spinning wheels can spin less than one pound a day, and pedal large spinning wheels can spin three or four pounds a day.
And Li Chao's water-powered spinning wheel can spin more than 100 catties in a day and night.
Although the Jenny machine can also improve the efficiency of the old spinning wheel by ten times, this machine is suitable for places where water power cannot be used, and if there is a suitable river to use the water spinning wheel, a water spinning wheel is also incomparable to the Jenny machine.
After having a water-powered spinning wheel, the weaving could not keep up, and Li Chao organized people to study and improve the loom.
Now, five years after the development of cotton spinning in the Li family, Datang's cotton planting area has been very extensive, and the annual cotton cloth output is also huge.
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However, this emerging industry, which is completely different from other silk, linen and other industries, is that the traditional silk weaving industries of silk and linen are basically family-based and hand-based, and there are no large textile workshops, mainly family textiles.
But cotton spinning is completely different.
In addition to cotton planting, cotton seeding, spinning cotton yarn, and weaving cotton cloth are all exclusively operated by the Li family.
The Li family took the route of large textile mills, with cotton warehouses built in various places, cotton spinning mills and water-powered spinning wheels.
A weaving mill, a water-powered loom.
Many factories are home to thousands of female textile workers.
The Li family only gave up printing and dyeing and sales, and only gave up a small part.
It is said that monopoly is the most profitable.
The white cloth of the past, the cotton cloth of today.
Although it has come down from the high-end market in the past, with the continuous improvement of production in recent years, cotton cloth is much cheaper than silk, but it is still more expensive than linen.
But cotton cloth is more popular than linen.
In particular, the large factory textile model adopted by the Li family makes the cost very low, and the cotton cloth of the Li family, many people do not know, is actually much lower than the cost of linen, but in the market, the price is many times that of cotton cloth, and it is extremely popular.
Such an emerging market is now another cornucopia of the Li family, which is as hot as the Li family's porcelain, tea, sugar, paper, and books.
Cui Yingying and the others were all extremely surprised, and even they couldn't figure it out.
But in Li Chao's view, it is normal for the traverser to know that cotton cloth is the mainstream in the future, and he has this status and financial resources, so it is actually a simple matter to scale up cotton planting and textile industry.
As long as it is large-scale, it will naturally make more money, especially monopoly, and the profits will be higher.
"We bought twice as much cotton this year as we did last year, and I expect more people to grow cotton next year."
Cui Yingying said.
Because the price of cotton cloth is high now, the profit is also high, and the Li family can't grow so much themselves, so they buy cotton.
The purchase price is quite high, in short, everyone is a smart person, calculated, it is more profitable to grow cotton than to grow grain and hemp or even more than to plant mulberry and silkworms, so everyone followed the cotton.
In particular, there is no need for good land for cotton planting.
There is another reason, and now the imperial court has two taxes, and the advantage of no longer collecting money in kind is that everyone does not need to grow grain, hemp and mulberry, they can sell more money after planting cotton, and then pay money directly to the court.
This is also a great convenience and liberation of the people, and there is even no Ding service and Ding tax, and taxes are levied according to the field, so many people directly send their daughters to work in textile factories to get easier money.
A girl helps with farming at home, and she can't do much work, but when she gets to the factory, she can get a fixed salary, and if she saves a little, she can earn more money a year than a family in the past, after all, food is not very valuable now.
"That's a good thing."
Li Chao said to Thirteen Niang, "The more people grow cotton, the bigger the market for cotton spinning."
This is also the support of the imperial court for this industry, with cotton, cotton shoes and jackets can be made, which is better for the north to resist the cold.
Even after the imperial court conquered Liaodong, it was easy to garrison troops there to fight. ” In the past two years, Li Ji has received a large number of orders from the imperial court every year, all of which are to produce cotton clothes for soldiers to keep out the cold.
However, the emergence of cotton cloth has also affected many people, that is, the impact on traditional cloth.
The traditional cloth, that is, linen cloth and kudzu cloth, is dominated by linen cloth.
Nowadays, cotton cloth has been born, which has a great impact on the linen market.
Traditional linen production is basically family production, planting hemp and hemp spinning and weaving, many people's families, men and women weave, and the clothes of a family are all woven by themselves.
The linen cloth in the market is sold in the market after the family has leftovers.
Now the cotton cloth that Li Chao has made is more comfortable and exquisite than the linen cloth, and it is already seizing the market.
Now the price is still relatively high, but it will definitely slowly decrease in the future, and more people will grow cotton in the future, and the people will grow hemp and weave linen, which may not be needed so much in the market, or the price will be lower.
This is the large-scale industrialization of cotton textiles, and the competition of linen family production collides.
This is the inevitable trend of history, and Li Chao doesn't know what to say, so he can't abandon more advanced production methods.
"I've already settled all those girls."
Cui Yingying said coldly.
Li Chao thought that she wouldn't mention it, so he had to laugh a few times.
"You said that you just went out to play by yourself, but you still took a few students with you, and you dared to take the prince there, it's just disrespectful to the teacher."
Li Chao hurriedly took out the emperor as a shield, "Actually, the emperor asked me to take the prince there, so I took them to the prince by the way." ” Cui Sanniang was skeptical.
"Then you picked two of your own and brought them back."
"I haven't touched those two girls, so why don't I serve you as a maid."
Cui Yingying snorted, "Everyone has already brought it back, and they still say that some of these things are not what to do."
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The girls weren't bad, and they weren't much of a mess.
Since they have all been brought back, they can't be wronged, so let's take it.
I also asked them when they came to Shishilang, and they were willing to take them as concubines, so the matter was settled. ” "Then let's do it for the four of them, go back and set up a few tables of wine, and the family will be lively."
Li Chao smiled and said, "As for my two, there is no need." ” Cui Yingying stretched out her hand and pinched Li Chao's waist, just pinching only a layer of skin, and Li Chao, who was in pain, inhaled.
"I said Lord, don't get the benefits and sell yourself.
It's as if my thirteen mothers can't tolerate people, and others think that I drove the people you back away.
Set up a few tables of banquets tonight, so that everyone in the house can come to meet the newcomers. ” t1706231537: