The spring breeze and the south bank of the Green River.
The boat sails on the Yangtze River, and the waves are blue.
On both sides of the bank is a verdant green, in the fields of farmland, farmers are driving oxen to plough the fields, there are oxen and buffaloes, the old oxen carry the plough slowly, and the farmer raises a whip behind him.
Behind them, women and old men carried baskets and buckets, and sprinkled manure and biogas slurry into the fields.
If you want the field to have a high yield, you have to keep fertilizer.
This is already a magic weapon for farming that farmers know today, and everyone has manure, and there is even a special fertilizer factory.
In those market towns, even on the roadsides, there are public toilets everywhere, and almost all of them are contracted by people.
It is supplied free of charge, and even toilet paper is given away for the sake of the manure of the grain cycle.
Collected and processed, it became a fertilizer that farmers rushed to buy.
There are even soybean cakes left over from oil extraction, as well as stinky fish and rotten shrimp, chickens, ducks, pigs and cattle in the vegetable farm.
The countryside is full of swamp ponds, these ponds are between the fields, and the leaves and garbage straw are soaked in them, and the biogas residue and biogas slurry are extremely fertilized.
With enough fertilizer, it is not a problem to double or triple the yield of a season compared with the past, and it can even be cropped continuously.
"They are all old people and children, and there are few young and strong people in the countryside."
Li Shimin stood on the deck, holding a clairvoyant mirror and looking at the fields on both sides of the strait, and sighed.
Zhang Chao stood aside, but with a smile.
"Emperor, this is a good thing.
Thanks to the imperial court's policy of expanding territory and granting land to border immigrants in recent years, the poor people of the Central Plains have gone out.
People, if you are poor, you will change, and if you change, you will be successful.
Ten years ago, the Central Plains no longer granted land and allowed annexation.
Although the people have left their hometowns, they have gone to the border areas, but they have a new life.
Those who are willing to go to the border land, which one can not go to hundreds of acres of land every year, the border land is not valuable, as long as it can be cultivated, then how much reclamation will be counted as theirs. ” A series of policies to encourage immigration by the imperial court caused a large number of people in the Central Plains to leave the Central Plains and go to the four sides of the cantonment.
In the past, the Central Plains was densely populated, and many people were landless.
Even at the beginning of the founding of the country, a wave of land was equalized, but in many places, a family did not have much land, and there was not enough food and clothing, so they still worked as tenants.
Now many people have left the Central Plains, and at that time, the imperial court divided the last wave of land, and many people also had dozens or even nearly 100 acres of land in their homes.
Even if there are six or seven people in a family and so much land, it is already very good, especially after the reform of the two tax laws, the burden on the people has been greatly reduced.
At the same time, the spread of new farming techniques, especially the falling prices and abundant supply of large livestock such as cattle and horses, made it much easier for the people to cultivate the fields.
Nowadays, it is no longer extensive farming, but intensive cultivation.
In particular, in addition to growing grain, we will also grow a variety of cash crops, or grow mulberry or cotton, or soybeans, rape, etc., close to cities and towns, grow vegetables and breed.
Indeed, the life of the people is much better day by day.
But on the whole, people just rely on farming, in fact, to maintain food and clothing, and it is still relatively difficult to get rich.
Fortunately, there are many opportunities now, and the people are much more open-minded.
The young people in the family have left the countryside and entered the towns.
Go to the city to work and earn cash.
Leaving behind in the family are elderly grandparents, parents and younger siblings.
Although it is also hard to work in the city, it directly earns money.
The people in the villages worked hard to cultivate, and in addition to supporting their own livelihood and selling all kinds of agricultural products for money and paying taxes, there was not much left that could be sold, and they had to prevent famine in disaster years.
Especially nowadays, the price of household products has not been high, for the urban people, this is naturally a good thing, but for those people who farm, this is actually not good news, which means that the grain harvested in a hard year can not be exchanged for a few dollars.
Food and clothing are lifted, but there is no money to use.
Especially now you have to buy fertilizer for farming, otherwise the yield is not high, and it is not enough to rely on your own fertilizer.
The common people raise cattle, pigs, chickens, ducks, and sheep, and rely on various breeding to earn some money for weddings and funerals, build houses, and give favors.
"Your Majesty, it is true that the prices of agricultural products are still too low, and the imperial cabinet is now drafting a decree, which is to set a protective price for agricultural products, raise the prices of some grain and other agricultural products, and let the peasants benefit somewhat.
Otherwise, at the end of the year, you can't make a few dollars, and you're too tired. ” In addition, the imperial court is also encouraging the people to develop breeding and some household processing industries, which cannot be done by farming alone.
Of course, young men and women in the countryside, we encourage them to go out and work in the city.
Allowing them to go to the city to earn wages not only increased the income of peasant families, but also solved the increasing demand for labor for the now thriving industry and commerce of the imperial court. ” Li Shimin put down the clairvoyant mirror. sighed, "The life of the people today is a world of difference compared to more than ten years ago, and it is really a fairy-like day."
But after such a horizontal comparison, I found that the people worked hard, but they were still at the bottom of the society. ” "Working in the city, it sounds good, not basking in the sun and rain, sitting in the house to make money.
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But in fact, I also know that these people also work very hard in the workshop, making money for those vampires day and night, and the few dollars they earn every month are also hard money, and they are often deducted by vampires. ” Li Shimin didn't like those capitalists, thinking that these people were vampires.
In fact, that's what many people now call black-hearted capitalists.
Zhang Chao admitted that what the Emperor said was also true.
With the rise of industry and commerce, the profit-seeking nature of businessmen will not change, and they try their best to squeeze costs in order to earn more profits.
Material costs, labor costs, are desperately squeezed.
Try to let workers work overtime as much as possible, and even use excuses to deduct and fine, and it is quite difficult to make some money.
Among them, those who are particularly black-hearted are called vampires.
"New developments are not only new opportunities, but also often new problems.
The imperial court is in charge of the overall situation, macro control, and we solve problems when we find them.
In today's great development, there must be problems, and we can't choke on food, and of course we won't turn a blind eye. ” Zhang Chao also recognizes those problems and is also thinking of solutions.
"The Cabinet is currently deliberating on a labor bill, a revised version of the previous one, that will protect all employees, including slaves.
For example, we will stipulate that employers such as workshop workers must regularly and free medical examinations for their employees, and that all employees will be required to work five days a week and four hours a week.
Overtime is allowed, but for processing outside of weekends, wages must be paid at 1.5 times the usual salary, and twice the salary if overtime is worked on weekends.
The total working hours shall not exceed seven hours per day and forty hours per week. ” "Our bill will also stipulate a minimum hourly wage, a minimum monthly wage.
Stipulating the standard of compensation for work-related injuries and prohibiting arbitrary deductions and penalties for workers is a comprehensive law to protect the interests of today's increasingly large group of employees. ” "After the decree is introduced, all prefectures and counties in Datang must strictly abide by it, and those autonomous territories and vassal territories in Datang must also abide by this decree."
In Zhang Chao's view, the state should protect the disadvantaged.
Because they are vulnerable groups, and if the state does not protect them, there is really no one to protect them.
Zhang Chao didn't want to see a workers' revolution just after the rise of Datang industry and commerce.
If the oppression is too much, there will definitely be resistance.
The imperial court has a great responsibility in this regard, and it must also shoulder this responsibility.
Li Shimin was slightly surprised.
"You say it so nicely, but can you do it, who are those capitalists, aren't they the well-dressed people sitting in the upper and lower houses of parliament?"
Zhang Chao smiled.
"The cabinet has this determination, and the court has this determination.
If someone does not know the current affairs and confronts the imperial court, then the imperial court will suppress it with an iron fist, and there is no doubt about this, Your Majesty. ” Now at this time, don't be tough, and when you arrive, the court can't be tough if you want to.
In the cabinet, some people also mentioned to Zhang Chao whether this labor bill was too much.
The minimum hourly wage, monthly wage, and even the limited overtime hours, and higher overtime pay for overtime, etc., even stipulate that apprentices must also have a minimum basic salary, stipulate the time limit for apprentices, and so on.
Slaves enjoy almost the same protection as free wage workers, except that their salary standards are lower, and they are basically the same as free people hired workers in other aspects, they are protected by the law from beating, insulting, rape, etc., and after their children are born, they are free and good citizens of the Tang Dynasty, not slaves, not the property of slave owners.
People have no foresight, but they must have near-term worries.
The Tang Dynasty was prosperous in industry and commerce, and in its place was a huge working class.
Now there are more than 15 million slaves in the Tang Dynasty, and this number is still increasing, countless conquered barbarians, and there are boats and fleets of slaves transported from the Nanyang Islands, from Africa and Europe.
These people are bought for money.
But if you don't pay attention to such a huge class and treat them as people all the time, then this is equivalent to burying powder kegs one after another under the cornerstone of the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty.
Someday, this powder keg will explode.
Why should slaves be allowed to redeem themselves, why should slaves be paid, why should slaves be born freed?
Because Zhang Chao wants to make this social class mobile.
Just as the children of the poor family can change the fate of themselves and their families by studying and participating in the imperial examination.
The status of the slaves was not constant, and through hard work, they earned a salary, and then they were redeemed and became a free people.
Although in this society, being a free person does not necessarily have real freedom, but at least the top of their head is transparent and can rise.
The solidification of class is the most terrible.
Children of poor families can study the imperial examination and become officials.
Ordinary officials can also become officials.
A soldier can become a non-commissioned officer, and a cadet can become a marshal.
All the people of the Tang Dynasty have the opportunity to make meritorious contributions and become nobles.
The class is not solidified, but it is also not so active.
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Being too active means unstable, and Zhang Chao is working hard to grasp this degree.
Slaves can become freedmen, but it may take half a life or even a lifetime.
Everyone has hope to move up, but they all have to work hard.
The nobles were not completely solidified, and under the order of Tui'en, they were also to be divided from generation to generation, and after a few generations, they became ordinary people.
If they want to maintain their status, they also have to make meritorious contributions.
Li Shimin was moved.
"I hope what you're talking about today will be done." t1706231537: