No matter which dynasty or generation, in fact, the emperor will have his own intelligence agency.
It's just that some of them are smaller in scale and not very famous.
And some are quite famous in history, such as the most well-known is the Ming Dynasty's Jinyiwei and Dongchang, collectively known as Changwei.
Of course, there are also sticky rods and blood droplets of Emperor Yongzheng in the legendary story.
The Song Dynasty also had the Imperial City Division, and the Six Gates, which were indeed built in the Tang Dynasty, were built by Li Shimin.
The one who really brought the intelligence agency to the extreme, and the extreme enough to be able to influence the government and politics, was indeed the factory guard of the Ming Dynasty.
Factory, there are east factory, west factory, insider factory, Wei, refers to Jinyi Wei, and there are north and south towns and Fu Division.
Basically, they are all reconnaissance agencies subordinate to the inner court, and in the end of the Ming Dynasty, the power of the factory guards is extremely huge.
Compared with later institutions, the functions of the Ming Dynasty's factory guards were roughly equivalent to those of the Anti-Corruption Bureau, the Security Bureau, and the Intelligence Bureau.
This is the Ming Dynasty emperor, used to suppress the civil court.
At the beginning of the establishment of the factory guard, it actually focused more on collecting military intelligence to protect national security, and later gradually added more tasks such as monitoring hundreds of officials and public opinion, and carrying out anti-corruption and other tasks.
To maintain the rule of the Zhu family in the Ming Dynasty, the factory guard made great contributions.
However, during the Ming Dynasty, the civil officials were in power, and the Ming Dynasty scholar group was the most corrupt, and the factory guards had been fighting against the Ming Dynasty scholar bureaucracy, so they were also always attacked and had a bad reputation.
Of course, factory guards are not entirely innocent, they will also use their positions to create incidents, crack down on dissidents, and compete for power and profit.
But if we look at the functions of these institutions alone, it is still necessary.
Zhang Chao now has several intelligence systems in his hands.
The largest intelligence system is the Shadow, which he has single-handedly established, which is a huge intelligence organization that integrates intelligence gathering, assassination and other tasks.
Now there is a part of the shadows that has been divided, subordinate to the Privy Council, and the Military Intelligence Bureau has been formed. is responsible for military intelligence work, and the staff division under the Ministry of War is basically joined by the original Shadow people, which is also a military intelligence collection department.
It's just that one is subordinate to the Privy Council and the other is subordinate to the Ministry of War.
In addition, the three government offices and the five military offices basically have their own intelligence agencies, but they are relatively small in scale.
The second largest intelligence agency should belong to Liumen, this intelligence agency was founded by Li Shimin, the initial purpose of the establishment was to monitor the anti-king old forces that were destroyed in various parts of the Sui Dynasty, and it was subordinate to the Criminal Department, but it was very independent, and later the functions of this department became larger and larger.
And then it has the functions of monitoring hundreds of officials and monitoring public opinion.
However, in the later period of Zhenguan, Zhang Chao sent the Shadow to fully infiltrate this organization, so that this organization had no secrets about the Shadow.
Later, the emperor secretly set up a new intelligence organization, Feiqi.
The number of flying riders is small, but it is more tightly organized, and it is still very good at preventing the infiltration of the shadows.
However, Zhang Chao replaced Tang, and the flying horse finally fell into Zhang Chao's hands.
The Six Gates and the Flying Horse used to be controlled by Wang Chengen, a eunuch, but Zhang Chao didn't trust this wall-to-wall grass.
It was also well thought out to hand over the six doors back to the Criminal Department and turn the flying horse into a semi-subordinate of the Imperial Historical Tower.
Zhang Chao is also thinking about a problem now, that is, these three major intelligence agencies, if this continues, it is estimated that they may become the factory guards of the Dahua Dynasty in the future, and sooner or later they will become a hidden danger.
After all, the secret service agency actually has a lot of energy, especially if it falls into the hands of those emperors who are not strong in ability but have great ambitions, it is estimated that it is more likely to have problems.
But he disbanded it, and he felt that it was inappropriate.
Don't choke on food.
Zhang Chao planned to change the name of the shadow to Jinyiwei, and walk from the shadow to the foreground and become an open court function.
The Six Gates themselves are an open yamen, so the name remains the same.
Feiqi was originally a semi-public yamen, and this time he plans to make it a public yamen as well.
The three major intelligence services are not merged.
In order to prevent a monopoly and a big tail, although there are also benefits of merger after the merger, such as good co-ordination, you can be the emperor, and the core of an imperial technique is balance.
For this reason, it is necessary to keep three.
But after having three, how to divide labor has also become a big problem.
If the division of labor is not clear, then the responsibilities will not be clear in the future.
For these three intelligence agencies, Zhang Chao's idea is to distinguish them from three points.
Who authorizes, authority, purpose.
Once these three points are clear, the responsibilities of the three families will also be clear.
Shadow, reorganized as the Brocade Guard, will be subordinate to the Privy Council, but will be a semi-independent body in charge of military intelligence.
Sending spies abroad, as well as internal counter-espionage, collecting military intelligence of other countries, and even carrying out assassination and beheading plans against enemy countries, subverting enemy regimes, and so on.
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The Privy Council will be authorized by the Privy Council, which is a subordinate yamen of the Cabinet, so the action of the Knight's Guard will be authorized by the Cabinet and the Privy Council.
Their authority is military intelligence collection and counterintelligence, and the purpose is military intelligence.
And six doors.
It will be subordinate to the Ministry of Punishment and will be authorized to act by the Ministry of Punishment.
Their authority is to fight corruption, as well as to combat organized crime, use religious crimes to seek chaos, etc., and are responsible for monitoring Jinyiwei.
As for the flying ride.
The flying cavalry will be directly under the command of the emperor and authorized by the emperor, and its function is to monitor, monitor officials, marquis, parliamentarians, and monitor public opinion.
Visiting and plotting against the evil and evil words, etc., and the Jinyi Guard and the Six Doors are all powerful.
With such a division, the functional authority is relatively clear and clear.
Three major intelligence agencies.
Jin Yiwei is subordinate to the Privy Council and is responsible for military intelligence.
The six doors are subordinate to the Criminal Department, which is responsible for fighting corruption and cracking down on some large-scale organized crimes.
The flying horse, which is under the control of the emperor, is responsible for surveillance.
The three intelligence planes also balance each other and monitor each other.
The flying horses are subordinate to the emperor, but in order to prevent the emperor from abusing his power, they will also be bound by the imperial history platform, and they have the power to spy on them, but to take people, they must be signed and authorized by the imperial history platform.
Then they were responsible for arresting people, but they could not interrogate themselves, they had to be handed over to Dali Temple for interrogation, and after the trial, their prisoners were imprisoned in the Imperial Prison of Yushitai.
These are restrictive, albeit cumbersome.
But Zhang Chao believes that it is necessary to put a halter on their power, otherwise the factory guards of the Ming Dynasty will be a lesson from the past.
The three agencies also have a common characteristic, that is, they are all intelligence agencies.
Of course, the Criminal Department also has a special investigation of crimes, but the organizational model of Six Doors is not ordinary.
Of course, the Privy Council also has intelligence detectives, but their people are basically the shadows of the past.
Originally, the Ministry of War had insufficient spies in both quantity and quality.
The main way for the three major organs to do their work is reconnaissance.
It can be said that due to the special nature of its functions, Jinyiwei mainly conducts external intelligence reconnaissance, while Liumen and Feiqi mainly conduct internal surveillance and anti-corruption.
Although the Six Gates and the Flying Cavalry were also subject to the Criminal Department and the Imperial Historical Observatory, they were semi-independent, and they were not entirely subordinate to the imperial organs, which were largely controlled by the Emperor.
It is helpful for consolidating imperial power.
Although Zhang Chao also formulated a constitution and weakened some imperial power, at the same time, he was setting up these institutions to protect imperial power, which seemed to be conflicting, but in fact it was not in conflict.
For Zhang Chao, it is necessary to limit the imperial power, too much imperial power is actually easy to make the government unbalanced, but if it is only blindly limited to the imperial power, the empire will also be unstable.
While limiting some of the emperor's powers, it is also necessary to protect the imperial power so that a balance can be achieved.
This is just as the princes swore allegiance to the emperor, but at the same time demanded to be armed, which was self-preservation.
When the princes have military power, the emperor may attach importance to the rights and interests of the princes, and dare not easily cut and abolish the establishment.
On the other hand, the formalization of intelligence agencies such as Shadow, Flying Horse, and Six Doors is also beneficial to prevent the tail from falling out of control in the future.
As the Founding Emperor.
Zhang Chao not only needs to think about the present, but also needs to think about the future.
A yamen and a system are likely to continue as a long-term system of the country.
Therefore, if it is not possible to fill in the gaps at the beginning of the formulation, it will be even more difficult to fill them in the future.
The plum garden in the Imperial Garden is opened.
A variety of varieties of plum blossoms, plum fragrance overflowing.
Zhang Chaozhao cabinet prime minister and bachelor of Hanlin Academy, as well as the imperial historian, Dali Temple, and the president of the parliament entered the palace to enjoy plum wine tasting.
There was a heavy snowfall last night.
The heavens and the earth were white.
Snow falls on the branches of the plum trees, adding to the charm.
The monarch sits in the pavilion of the plum garden, and the glass screen is erected on all sides, which not only blocks the wind, but also does not affect the snow and plum blossoms.
On the stone table in the pavilion, the red clay stove warms the rice wine of Shaoxing, and next to it are some freshly fried corn, peanuts, walnuts, etc.
Drink a glass of warm wine and peel two peanuts.
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Look at the fluttering snow scene, as well as the cold plum blossoming proudly in the wind and snow, this situation and this scene make people can't help but chant a poem.
"What do you think I'm going to do?"
After the monarchs and ministers each chanted a poem with the theme of snow and plum, Zhang Chao finally threw out his plan.
Three intelligence agencies.
Moreover, it is relatively independent, half of which is under the management of bureaucratic institutions such as the imperial cabinet, the Privy Council, the Criminal Department, and the Imperial Historical Observatory, but at the same time it is under the direct jurisdiction of the emperor.
Especially this flying horseman, who is almost directly under the emperor's orders.
Even Ma Zhou immediately felt the unusualness of these three institutions, especially the Six Doors and the Flying Horse, especially the Flying Horse.
The emperor wanted to set up these new institutions to check and balance the imperial court The inner court institutions balanced the outer court institutions Everyone looked at each other, not knowing how to answer for a while.
Agreed, that is to calculate quickly to find uncomfortable, in the future, in addition to the three legal divisions of the outer court, there will be an inner court monitoring agency, and it is clear that it is mainly for the outer court, for the hundred officials, princes and parliamentarians.
If you don't agree, what reason do you have to oppose it?
After thinking about it for a long time, Fang Xuanling opened his mouth first.
"The old minister thinks it's pretty good."
So, Ma Zhou and the others were all hehe.
Since the landlord said it was good, it was good.
On the other hand, everyone also believes that the emperor will not mess around. t1706231537: