Therefore, when Yang Jing learned about this bad news, he was also a little dumbfounded, and he was speechless for a long time."
Cole, you must have a way, don't you?
You must have a way to help Vivien, right?
I know you, I know you, I have been following you since thirteen years ago, so you must help me this time, help me stay Vivian" From Yang Jing's expression, Old Mike saw something, but he still begged Yang Jing bitterly.At this time, Yang Jing was almost his only spiritual support.Especially over the years, this person who is nearly 20 years younger than himself is so magical, starting from a mere 30 million US dollars, it took 13 years to multiply the 30 million US dollars by more than 10,000 times, and also developed a small evil dragon fund into the largest and most terrifying fund in the world.How could such an almost omnipotent boss not be able to treat Vivien?"
Hey, Mike, you calm down first."
Yang Jing came back to his senses, patted his old shoulder and whispered, "Can you tell me about Vivian's situation?"
I need to understand it from start to finish so that I can figure out how to solve the problem.There's no way I can help you with what you're like now. ”Yang Jing's words immediately made Old Mike's eyes light up again, he grabbed Yang Jing's hand tightly, and asked in an extremely eager tone, "Cole, can you really save Vivien's life?"
”Yang Jing didn't nod or shake his head, he didn't know if his acupuncture skills could completely cure this terminal illness, so he didn't dare to give Old Mike any guarantee now.At this time, it is definitely an extremely wrong practice to make a guarantee, once you make a guarantee and can't complete it, it will be a fatal blow to old Mike.Yang Jing didn't want his right-hand man to be separated from him because of a small guarantee."
Mike, I don't know much about Vivien's situation right now, so I need you to tell me about it.Mike, you shouldn't be like this at this time, because if you want to save Vivien, you can't panic in the first place.Even you don't have the confidence to save Vivien, can you still count on others?
So, the most important thing you need to do now is to cheer yourself up first so that you can have enough strength to save your Vivien. ”Old Mike took a deep breath and bit his cheek, then nodded heavily and raised his head again."
Cole, Vivian felt a little unwell at the beginning of last month, so she went to the hospital for a check-up, and the doctor gave a result of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia.The doctor said that Vivian's disease was in the chronic stage, not yet in the transformation stage, but according to the results of the examination, although Vivian was found in the early stage of the chronic stage, if there was no special control techniques and drugs, he would have two years at most to enter the transformation stage.By that time, it was almost hopeless. ”Although Old Mike's tone was very sad, his words were clear, and it was clear that he was now trying to cheer himself up.Yang Jing asked, "So, have you applied for bone marrow matching?"
”If this disease is to be completely cured, bone marrow transplantation is the best way.Of course, if old Mike and Vivian can have another child, the effect of using stem cells in umbilical cord blood for treatment is better than bone marrow transplantation, but at the age of old Mike and Vivian, it is obviously impossible to have another child, Vivian is already menopausal, not to mention that her body is not allowed to have another child.Therefore, bone marrow transplantation is currently the best medical treatment.But again, even in the United States, bone marrow transplantation is not a transplant that can be transplanted if you want to, and bone marrow matching is difficult even in the United States.It's not uncommon to not be able to match the style in a year or two."
Well, I applied, but I'm afraid there's not much hope."
Old Mike said with a heavy heart."
Bone marrow matching is a matter of luck, it is normal not to match, and only a few people can find the right bone marrow for transplantation.I'm sorry, Cole, but I just said that I was going to quit because I was worried that I wouldn't find the right bone marrow, in which case, I would have to stay by Vivien's side to accompany her through the last leg of her life. ”Yang Jing patted the back of the old hand and said, "Mike, I can understand your feelings.If it were me, I would do the same.So, is Vivian just on medication right now?
”"Well, she is mainly using Maryland tablets to control it now, but the side effects of that drug are very large, and Vivian has had a hard time this time.""
Maryland films?"
Yang Jing hesitated slightly, and then realized that this drug has another name in Huaxia, that is, busulfan tablets, before Novartis Pharmaceuticals in Switzerland developed Gleevec, this drug and hydroxyurea sulfate is the best drug to control leukemia.However, the toxic side effects of these two drugs are very large, and the therapeutic effect is far less than that of the famous Gleevec in later generations.Because Yang Jing watched the "I Am Not the God of Medicine" last year and was very moved, he specially inquired about the source of the drug "Glenin" in the movie, and he knew very well about the real anti-leukemia miracle drug Gleevec.It's just that now although Gleevec's research and development has eyebrows, it is only eyebrows, and there are still six years before the real Gleevec conducts the first human trial.Moreover, at this time, even Novartis Pharmaceuticals had not yet been founded, and it was not until 1996 that the Swiss pharmaceutical companies Ciba-IGY and Sandoz merged to form Novartis.But obviously, without the specific control drug Gleevec, it will be difficult for Vivian to last for two or three years.But if you want to develop Gleevec all at once, it is obviously not an easy thing.The development of Gleevec itself has been a long and winding road.Since the discovery of leukemia, mankind has been battling this incurable disease.In the fifties and sixties of the last century, the mainstream academic community generally believed that "viruses are the main cause of tumors".That's when Nowell and Hungerford of the University of Pennsylvania Oncology Institute started doing something "deviant": they were trying to find changes in the genetic material in tumor cells.And in 1973, Dr.
Janet Raleigh, a female doctor at the University of Chicago, joined the study.It was not until the 80s, with the rise of oncogene research, that New Zealand scientist Dr.
Annelise discovered a homologous gene sequence C-ABL of human and mouse leukemia virus, which was translocated from chromosome 9 to the long arm of chromosome 22, which showed that the translocation of C-ABL led to the occurrence of L.From Dr.
Nowell's discovery of the Philadelphia chromosome in 1960, to Dr.
Janet Raleigh's clarification in 1973 that the Philadelphia chromosome was caused by chromosomal translocation, and finally to 1982, when Dr.
Annelith discovered that the oncogene C-ABL translocation and fusion with BCR continued to activate tyrosine kinase, which eventually led to the occurrence of L, a total of 22 years have passed.The cause of leukemia was found, but it took nearly 20 years to find a solution to this pathology.In 1993, at the age of 38, Brian Drucker came to Oregon Health Science University in Portland to conduct scientific research.During this time, Drucker and his colleagues in Boston developed a new method for measuring the activity of the BCR-ABL enzyme using specially designed antibodies.This approach is an invaluable tool for evaluating potential therapies for chronic myeloid leukemia.In finding this approach, Drucker must also compete with competitors at other research centers to be the first to find a drug that could inactivate key enzymes to inhibit cancer and allow the remaining healthy tissue to survive.And Nikladen, a biochemist at the Swiss pharmaceutical company Ciba-IGY, is Drucker's old acquaintance.Nick calls Drucker and tells him that their company has what Drucker is looking for.The drug is called STI571, which is Gleevec's name during development.Although it was synthesized by accident by CIBA-IGY's chemists while searching for a new anti-inflammatory drug, in vitro experiments found that STI571 was able to inhibit the activity of the enzyme.However, they weren't sure what to do with the compound.In other words, at such a critical moment, CIBA-IGY has a key enzyme, and Drucker has the means to use this key enzyme.As soon as the two meet, it is that the dry wood meets the fire, and a violent chemical reaction is immediately produced.In August 1993, Drucker received the first batch of liquid STI571 samples and other candidate compounds from Switzerland.Using the enzyme detection technology he helped develop, he confirmed that STI571 can have a strong inhibitory effect on the BCR-ABL enzyme.But while experiments in the lab have been successful, experiments on animals have not worked as well as they should.By 1997, however, Drucker had published a large number of papers with collaborators from Portland and Switzerland.He believes compound STI571 is ready for human trials.However, at this time, Novartis did not agree to conduct human experiments, because in previous animal experiments, it was always impossible to solve the phenomenon that dogs administered intravenously would have blood clots at the end of the catheter, and when the dogs were injected with larger doses, these animals would show signs of liver damage.In the absence of such a solution, Novartis has even suggested abandoning the project altogether.However, Novartis' retreat did not deter Drucker, after all, chemotherapy can also be destructive to the canine body.So he bypassed Novartis and filed directly with the U.S.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA).By June 1998, after receiving FDA approval, Drucker used STI571 to treat a 68-year-old Oregon man with chronic myeloid leukemia.The effect of clinical treatment is naturally no problem, and the side effects that occurred in previous experiments on canines are gone, and it can be said that this first clinical trial was a complete success.And as more and more leukemia patients voluntarily join the clinical trials, the drug has achieved better efficacy.So in 2001, Novartis submitted its new drug application to the FDA, and it was approved within two and a half months – the fastest drug review in FDA history to date.It is also one of the few first-line clinical new drugs that have only passed the phase I clinical trial and have been directly approved in the form of "green channel".In May 2001, the U.S. government announced that the new drug, which Novartis had named Gleevec in North America and Glivec in Europe, would be used to treat patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.This is the whole process of Gleevec's creation, which has taken nearly half a century, and the total research funding has exceeded five billion dollars!
This drug is indeed the best drug for the treatment of leukemia, and many leukemia patients in later generations can survive for five or six years even without bone marrow transplantation after using this drug, and some patients can even survive for more than ten or twenty years.Of course, the price of this drug is also very expensive.At least in Huaxia, this drug is definitely not something that ordinary people can afford."
I Am Not the God of Medicine" is based on the various things caused by this drug in China.It's just that now in this era, Gleevec hasn't developed it yet, ps: bow and thank you for the tips of "Little Fish 62" and "Very Lazy Fish" 100.