Germany: Ensure that the army powers strive to become a naval power.After reunification, Germany is bordered by Russia to the east and France to the west, and is in the land of four wars, and is determined to ensure its status as a European army power.In 1873, the House of Representatives passed a bill to use 166846810 lei and 1 lei to equal 1 tael of Chinese silver as the cost of rearmament.At that time, there were about 430,000 officers and men in the standing army, and there were more than 3.2 million reserve troops and reserve troops, totaling more than 3.2 million people, and the first mobilization for the war could reach 13.16 million.When the iron-blooded Prime Minister Bismarck proposed to expand the army, the parliament asked him the reasons for the increase, and General Moltke replied: "If the people of the country want to return the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine to France, there is no need to increase the number of troops, otherwise there is only one way to increase the army." ”As a result, the parliament approved an increase in the army's strength by 25,615 in peacetime and 92,406 in wartime.At the same time, the Army's funding was correspondingly increased to 43.86 million marks.Thanks to the efforts of the German Government, its army system is relatively tight, its equipment is relatively sophisticated, its officers and men are well trained, and it has always maintained a relatively strong combat effectiveness.At that time, people called the German Army the first in the world, and many countries imitated the German army system when engaged in military modernization, purchased German-made guns, and hired a large number of German army officers as their military advisers.In the First World War, after the outbreak of the Great War, after general mobilization, the army expanded rapidly, with a total of 107 divisions and 3.82 million people in Germany.The German Navy was founded in 1867, and in 1872 the German Admiralty proposed a ten-year naval expansion plan to the Reichstag, planning to build 14 ironclads and 20 cruisers by 1882, plus a total of 100 other ships.However, this plan was not fully realized, and until the early 90s of the 19th century, Germany's main attention was still on the construction of the army, and in the construction of the navy, defenseism prevailed, so both the naval funds and the strength of the navy ships were relatively limited.The German Navy of this period was only a second-rate navy.Russia: Maintaining a large army and moving the navy from defensive to offensive.Russia at the end of the 19th century.Since it was first and foremost a land power, government officials from the tsar to the Russian government attached great importance to army building.Even if it was defeated by China and lost all its spheres of influence in Asia, Tsarist Russia still had a very strong strength among the great powers, especially on the eve of the Russo-Turkish War in 1877, the total standing army of the Russian army was 720,000, and about 770,000 after the war.This was undoubtedly the largest standing army of the Western powers of this period.At that time, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Austria, and the United States all had between 250,000 and more than 400,000 standing armies, and Russia's total army exceeded the total army of any two other countries combined.After that, around 1890, Russia's total army was reduced to 6.47 million men, but it soon swelled again, reaching more than 1.12 million men in 1900, still the largest army of any foreign power.In the First World War in the original history, after the outbreak of the Great War, after the general mobilization, the army expanded rapidly, and Russia had a total of 143 divisions and 4.8 million people.The presence of a large army standing army raised Russia's position among the Western powers, and it had terrified the Germans, who wanted Russia to act as the gendarme of Europe to curb German ambitions.However, a huge armament inevitably means a huge defense expenditure, and the amount of military expenditure that the Russian Government spends every year is very large.Although the size of the Russian standing army was not the largest in the late 19th century, the government allocated $123 million to the Army, and with the addition of naval funds, the total defense expenditure of the Russian government amounted to $145 million.This amount is comparable to that of Germany, close to that of the United Kingdom, and much more than that of Italy, Austria, the United States and other countries.Russia's GDP is $21.1 billion, compared to $29.4 billion in Britain and $26.4 billion in Germany.In terms of the per capita industrialization level of that year, Russia was only 15 of Britain, 22 of the United States, 29 of Germany, and 38 of France, and excessive military spending would inevitably affect Russia's entire national economy, affect the living standards of the Russian people, and intensify various domestic contradictions, which was similar to that of the Soviet Union during the Cold War.The Russian government's appropriation for the navy increased year by year, from $12 million in 1870 to $17.55 million before 1880 During the same period, the number of ships and total displacement of the Russian Navy were also increasing, and the total tonnage of the Tsarist Navy was planned to exceed 2.23 million tons in 1880.In terms of guidelines for naval construction, Russia basically pursues a defensive naval policy.For about a full decade of the 80s of the 19th century, Russia had the largest number of torpedo boats among all naval states.Influenced by Mahan's theory of sea power, which swept the world at that time, the Russian navy's naval policy also began to undergo a marked change, from the previous emphasis on defense to emphasis on offense.The Russians also designed and customized the world's first 8,000-ton icebreaker "Yermak" in the UK.The Russian Navy began to appear more often in other seas of the world far from the Russian coast.Since the Russian navy suffered heavy losses in the Russo-Japanese War, in order to restore and further develop its navy, Russia has drawn up a shipbuilding plan on many occasions, stipulating that in addition to the original four fleet armored ships, four armored cruisers, four gunboats, two submarines, and two minelayers, eight battleships, four battle cruisers, 10 light cruisers, 67 fleet destroyers, and 36 submarines should be built.In order to complete the shipbuilding program, Russia has increased its naval military spending year by year.The Russian Navy has a total of 306 large and small warships and 50,900 naval personnel.However, from the tsar to the senior admirals of the navy, there was a lack of advanced knowledge of the modern navy.They did not see the importance of serious training of their soldiers when they were engaged in naval construction, and as a result, they spent a lot of money on ships and ships, but they made petty calculations on their crews, so that their salaries were inferior and their training was not guaranteed.Ships spent more and more time at anchor in the harbor, and the Russian navy gradually became the least effective of the great powers.Because of geographical reasons, President Meng is not particularly concerned about the navy of Tsarist Russia now, but the feud between China and Russia has been formed, and if China continues to expand in Europe, it will definitely cause Tsarist Russia to take the lead in opposition.Therefore, the army and navy of Tsarist Russia are under the close surveillance of China.The United States: From post-war disarmament to the path of military power.After the Civil War, the United States began a policy of arms reduction.Because of the Monroe Doctrine, many in the U.S. government believe that the United States does not need a strong army and navy.Because, since the United States has no intention of competing with the European powers, the country does not have to have a strong army and navy to challenge them.Under these circumstances, the US Government has carried out large-scale reductions in both the army and navy.Of the 10.34 million Army volunteers recruited during the Civil War, only 110,000 remained.In 1866, Congress approved a peacetime regular army of 54,302 men, but it was soon greatly reduced, and by 1876 the maximum strength of the army was 27,442.This scale was maintained until the eve of the outbreak of the Spanish-American War.During this period, the main task given to the army by the government was to help the country develop the western part of the country and fight against the Indians.In addition, the army is also stationed in Haiphong.Among the main antagonists of President Moe are the British, the French, the Germans, the Russians, and finally the Americans.Before World War I, Americans were very weak.President Moe's main opponent now is Europe, of course, if the Americans do not affect Huaguo to take a large area of Canada, Huaguo will not easily turn against the Americans.President Moe sighed after reading the preparations of these main opponents.Princess Katrina Kafu said with a smile: "Although they are strong, the army of Huaguo is not bad now, and it is impossible for any country to invade Huaguo from the land, and the president does not need to be too anxious." ”"The point is, I think about more than just self-preservation."
President Meng stood up ambitiously.t1706231537: