There are many mountains and rivers in Henan, and the northwest is Taihang Mountain and Zhongtiao Mountain; to the west are the Qinling Mountains; To the south is the Tongbai-Dabie Mountains and the Nanyang Basin.
There are more than 1,500 large and small rivers.
The terrain is complex, the climate is suitable, and there are naturally many species.
It's just that there are no lakes like Hubei.
Zhang Chun is teaching students about the ecosystem of the forest canopy, the hierarchical structure.
Some students have already investigated the ecology of the primeval forest in Shennongjia.
They tried to compare the ecosystems of the primary forests with those of Henan.
Zhang Chun wants to talk about the history of forest development, that is, the change of the position of various trees in the process of forest development.
And proposed, unless it is a climatic condition like Shennongjia.
Most forests evolved by fire.
Shennongjia is a damp, high moisture place so that microorganisms, insects to eliminate dead trees.
The situation in Henan may be different.
When Liang Shuming found Zhang Chun, the lecture was nearing its end.
"Fast-growing species, sun-loving species, such as tall trees, will slowly die out.
Shade-tolerant, slow-growing tree species dominate, rainwater no longer falls directly on the ground, but is intercepted by the trunk, and more shade-tolerant vines and parasitic ferns, bluegrasses, and mosses grow rapidly.
It takes a long time for rainwater to flow to the ground.
That's why forests are able to stop flooding.
It is also the reason why the spring water flowing from the forest is exceptionally clear.
Well, the same ecological evolution.
The question I now ask is what would happen if the Yellow River followed its normal evolution, rather than artificial constraints, and was fully covered with forest vegetation on both banks.
Because first of all, it's impossible to build an embankment. ” "Mr.
Zhang.
Are you talking about the Yellow River?
This has not been solved by successive dynasties. ” Liang Shuming and the others were not wrapped in military padded jackets like Zhang Chun and his students.
Wearing a green army hat with ears to cover.
Others wore robes, top hats and scarves.
He looks like a reader.
Zhang Chun had already discovered two people.
Seeing that they just listened quietly to the lecture.
And I didn't care about them.
"Excuse me?"
"In Xia Liang Shuming, this is Huang Yanpei."
Liang Shuming introduced.
Zhang Chun smiled: "If you two ask, I might as well answer."
Personally, I think there is a pattern to the changes of the river.
When it is time to overflow, it will overflow.
There's no need to guard against it like this.
It turned out that it was just some daily small disasters and small difficulties, but it was prevented and blocked by manpower.
As a result, small disasters become major disasters.
The Yellow River bursts, and the red land is thousands of miles.
This is humanity's own fault. ” "Isn't the millions of acres of farmland on both sides of the Yellow River important?"
Huang Peiyan was taken aback.
Zhang Chun nodded and said, "It's really not important.
Our concept of agriculture is too backward.
Our ideas are equally backward.
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Agriculture does not depend solely on farmland.
Forests, lakes, oceans. can bring us food.
Biological diversity makes food also diverse.
More abundant and balanced nutrition is beneficial to human health.
For thousands of years, people may have been aware of this.
However, due to the processing technology, the level of knowledge about food is not enough, and the simplest agricultural method is chosen.
Forests on both sides of the Yellow River have been lost.
The rain washes directly over the land, taking away the nutrients from the land.
Agricultural production is declining rapidly.
As a result, people had to reclaim more and more land to support themselves.
This is the status quo on both sides of the Yellow River.
Rainwater stays on the ground for too short a short time.
Quickly converge into the river, which is the flood, and people build dams to intercept the flood.
So the Yellow River became a river in the sky and a sword hanging over our heads.
That's the sad thing about us. ” "What would the Yellow River be like in its natural state?"
One student asked.
"He should be a big enough river, and his channel should be many times wider than it is now.
We have studied the situation of Hanshui in Zhongxiang Dachai Lake.
In other words, the Han River does not only include the original river course, but the Dachai Lake itself should be a part of the Han River.
The Han River now forms lakes and wetlands in Dachai Lake.
After nearly two decades of vegetation restoration, the original Han River embankment is now a lush forest.
The vegetation on both sides of the Han River is now very good.
So even if it rains heavily, the flood water does not flow down very quickly, so until now, the Han River embankment has not changed much.
Floodwaters slowly spill through the forests and flow through the wetlands.
Then return to the river.
This process of rising water is the process of nurturing various organisms in the Dachai Lake area.
A variety of fish, a variety of aquatic plants, contribute to the formation of various micro-environments.
Dachai Lake now produces fish, horses, sheep, lotus roots, reeds, resins, fruits, and thousands of medicinal herbs.
It feeds far more people than the previous rice fields.
To process all these things into what we need, we need new technologies such as machinery manufacturing, food processing, textiles, tanning, microbial fermentation and so on.
And it's these technologies that make us invincible.
Only then can human beings and the environment be in harmony and development be sustainable.
Otherwise, it is not sustainable.
I think the same should be true of the Yellow River.
We give way to the Yellow River, return it to its original form, and then find a way to use it to make it a treasure trove of food for us.
That's the fundamental.
We have lost agriculture, but we have more forestry, fishing, animal husbandry, and aquaculture.
Everyone should be clear about which is more important and which is more important. ” "What happens if the river overflows the forest.
"Some species that are not tolerant to waterlogging will die, because because with the protection of the forest, the flood period will be less violent, but it will last longer.
They can't stand it, they have to die.
But there are also some tree species that will survive.
In the future, we should think of this when we are renovating the Yellow River, otherwise you will be punished, the punishment of nature.
Waterlogging-tolerant species are no longer found in Shaanxi because they have been exterminated by ignorant people.
But for example, willows can survive, and if you go to Shennongjia, you will find some other tree species.
The more species of organisms, the more protected water there is.
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Because of the long flood period, these trees will grow aerial roots, and there will be many fish living under the water of the forest, and the flood can drown a lot of dirt bugs.
And a lot of bugs will fatten these fish.
Very interesting loop.
Insects, fish, and a variety of birds and beasts are also raised.
What we need to do is to adapt this wonderful biological chain to us human beings, because human beings are actually part of this biological chain.
For example, I said that the renewal of mountains and forests depends on fire.
But humans can systematically cut down forests instead of forest fires.
For example, if there are so many eggs in the forest, we will take a little bit back, so that the birds will not eat all the fish.
The people of Dachai Lake do this, there are tens of thousands of white storks living on the river embankment, and they only pick up one-fifth, do you know how much?
The little ones there are tired of eating.
However, it should not be overdone and disrupt this biological balance.
Last year, there were more tigers in Tiger Claw Mountain, and there were fights and injuries.
It's not scary, it reminds us that there are too many tigers, so the hunting party went and killed a few, and the people at the medical school were crazy.
Then there is the need for human restraint, because if the human population is too large to be able to withstand the environment, suffering will come.
This is the law of nature, and it is also the way of heaven that Lao Tzu said. ” "We found that food diversity also has a certain drawback, that is, the human body has an increased burden when absorbing and transforming.
Even if good processing and cooking methods are used, some side effects cannot be avoided.
This point is very much criticized in Western theory.
A medical student who participated in the investigation team asked.
This idea is wrong, the human body has the function of absorbing these nutrients, which is a necessary process to improve the health and health of the qi, in the Western theory, it is to stimulate the defense ability of the comprehensive human immune system.
This is the same as the exercise we do every morning and evening.
This kind of exercise can be a healthier human being.
We use chopsticks, in the eyes of Westerners, are we not asking for hardship?
They used a knife and fork, cut it off, and threw it into their mouths.
Chinese chopsticks can hold fried beans, precision is the result of vision, nervous system, muscle coordination and so on.
That's what workouts do.
Western theories say that the appendix is useless and can be cut off, but is that really the case?
Your medical school has a lot of research on this, so you can go back and find out.
The human body is a complex system, and every organ has its own reason for existence, but it is affected by living habits and the environment to evolve or degenerate, which is the basis of the theory of evolution.
Only the more adaptable human beings are, the more fully evolved human beings, not the other way around.
That's not evolution, it's degradation. ” The students laughed, but Liang Shuming and Huang Yanpei were in a cold sweat.
Zhang Chun taught his students like this, without the slightest awareness of accepting Western theories, and he looked down on them.